ELIZA

return kwic search for cancer out of >500 occurrences
505522 occurrences (No.25 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [cache]

114) Transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα) and TGFβ1 are growth-promoting and -inhibiting autocrine/paracrine growth factors, respectively, that may (1) affect risk for colorectal cancer and (2) be modifiable by anti-proliferative exposures.

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PMID:24166893 DOI:10.1002/mc.22096

2015 Molecular carcinogenesis

* Effects of calcium and vitamin D3 on transforming growth factors in rectal mucosa of sporadic colorectal adenoma patients: a randomized controlled trial.

- Transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα) and TGFβ1 are growth-promoting and -inhibiting autocrine/paracrine growth factors, respectively, that may (1) affect risk for colorectal cancer and (2) be modifiable by anti-proliferative exposures. The effects of supplemental calcium and vitamin D3 on these two markers in the normal-appearing colorectal mucosa in humans are unknown. We conducted a pilot, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2 × 2 factorial clinical trial (n = 92; 23/treatment group) of calcium 2 g and/or vitamin D3 800 IU/d versus placebo over 6 mo. TGFα and TGFβ1 expression was measured in biopsies of normal-appearing rectal mucosa using automated immunohistochemistry and quantitative image analysis at baseline and 6-mo follow-up. In the calcium, vitamin D3 , and calcium plus vitamin D3 groups relative to the placebo group (1) the mean overall expression of TGFβ1 increased by 14% (P= 0.25), 19% (P = 0.17), and 22% (P = 0.09); (2) the ratio of TGFα expression in the upper 40% (differentiation zone) to that in the lower 60 (proliferation zone) of the crypts decreased by 34% (P = 0.11), 31% (P = 0.22), and 26% (P = 0.33); and (3) the TGFα/TGFβ1 ratio in the upper 40% of the crypts decreased by 28% (P = 0.09), 14% (P = 0.41), and 22% (P = 0.24), respectively. These preliminary results, although not statistically significant, suggest that supplemental calcium and vitamin D3 may increase TGFβ1 expression and shift TGFα expression downward from the differentiation to the proliferation zone in the crypts in the normal-appearing colorectal mucosa of sporadic colorectal adenoma patients, and support further investigation in a larger clinical trial.

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[frequency of next (right) word to cancer]

(1)65 null	(14)6 therapy	(27)3 of	(40)2 epigenetics
(2)48 cells	(15)6 tissues	(28)3 patients,	(41)2 growth
(3)33 and	(16)5 cells,	(29)3 research	(42)2 initiation
(4)32 cell	(17)5 progression	(30)3 was	(43)2 prevention
(5)23 patients	(18)5 registries	(31)2 (GC)	(44)2 registry
(6)15 in	(19)4 at	(32)2 biology	(45)2 study
(7)14 is	(20)4 deaths	(33)2 but	(46)2 susceptibility
(8)12 risk	(21)4 has	(34)2 can	(47)2 than
(9)12 screening	(22)4 mortality	(35)2 care	(48)2 treated
(10)12 stem	(23)3 (CRC)	(36)2 development	(49)2 treatment
(11)9 survivors	(24)3 as	(37)2 diagnostic	(50)2 using
(12)7 with	(25)3 cases	(38)2 drug
(13)6 are	(26)3 metabolism	(39)2 drugs

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--- WordNet output for cancer --- =>【病名】がん, 悪性腫瘍(しゅよう), がん腫, 社会悪, 癌 Overview of noun cancer The noun cancer has 5 senses (first 1 from tagged texts) 1. (15) cancer, malignant neoplastic disease -- (any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream) 2. Cancer, Crab -- ((astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer) 3. Cancer -- (a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini) 4. Cancer, Cancer the Crab, Crab -- (the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22) 5. Cancer, genus Cancer -- (type genus of the family Cancridae) --- WordNet end ---