135) Systemic non-biologic agents have long been in clinical use in medicine--often with considerable efficacy, albeit with some adverse effects--as with all medications. |
PMID:24028818 DOI:10.1111/odi.12172 |
2015 Oral diseases |
* Systemic use of non-biologic agents in orofacial diseases: other immunomodulatory agents. |
- Systemic non-biologic agents have long been in clinical use in medicine--often with considerable efficacy, albeit with some adverse effects--as with all medications. With the advent of biologic agents, all of which currently are restricted to systemic use, there is a growing need to ensure which agents have the better therapeutic ratio. The non-biologic agents (NBAs) include a range of agents, most importantly the corticosteroids (steroids). Previous articles by us in this series have discussed systemic use of corticosteroids and purine synthesis inhibitors; the other immunomodulating agents (calcineurin inhibitors, thalidomide, dapsone, colchicine and cyclophosphamide) are reviewed in this final article. |
(1)36 and | (17)5 application | (33)3 attachment | (49)2 grading |
(2)26 practice | (18)5 data | (34)3 course, | (50)2 interventions |
(3)22 trials | (19)5 efficacy | (35)3 examination, | (51)2 literature |
(4)19 trial | (20)5 features | (36)3 experience | (52)2 measures |
(5)14 research | (21)5 outcome | (37)3 information | (53)2 nurse |
(6)14 studies | (22)5 picture | (38)3 manifestations | (54)2 observations |
(7)10 use | (23)5 relevance | (39)3 significance | (55)2 point |
(8)8 parameters | (24)5 symptoms | (40)3 variables | (56)2 practice, |
(9)8 settings | (25)5 translation | (41)2 benefits | (57)2 presentation, |
(10)8 signs | (26)5 trials, | (42)2 cases | (58)2 process |
(11)8 study | (27)5 utility | (43)2 conditions | (59)2 results |
(12)7 examination | (28)4 characteristics | (44)2 context | (60)2 sample, |
(13)7 implications | (29)4 evaluation | (45)2 decision-making | (61)2 situation |
(14)7 presentation | (30)4 management | (46)2 decisions | (62)2 situations, |
(15)6 applications | (31)4 outcomes | (47)2 diagnosis | (63)2 success |
(16)6 course | (32)4 signs, | (48)2 findings | (64)2 tooth |
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