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399456 occurrences (No.44 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache]
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146) Growth and developmental parameters such as weight of embryos, crown-rump length and number of somites were found to be lower in the embryos exposed to high concentrations of DCF (7.5 and 15.0 μg/ml) when compared with the untreated control.
* Role of apoptosis in mediating diclofenac-induced teratogenesis: An in vitro approach.
- Diclofenac (DCF) is among the most commonly used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs worldwide for the treatment of various conditions in postpubertal women. However, very limited information is available regarding its safety during pregnancy and teratogenecity. The present study was designed to elucidate the effects of DCF on the developing rat embryos during the major organogenesis period and investigate the critical role of apoptosis in bringing about these congenital anomalies. Embryos were exposed in vitro to various concentrations of DCF, that is, 0, 3.75, 7.5 and 15 µg/ml for 24 h, respectively, and examined for the growth and differentiation at the end of the culture period for the presence of any specific malformations. Growth and developmental parameters such as weight of embryos, crown-rump length and number of somites were found to be lower in the embryos exposed to high concentrations of DCF (7.5 and 15.0 μg/ml) when compared with the untreated control. However, no significant difference in growth parameters was found between embryos exposed to 3.75 µg/ml and the control group. In parallel to this, flow cytometric analysis and DNA quantitation of cultured rat embryos were performed to verify the involvement of apoptosis in mediating DCF-induced teratogenesis. A concentration-dependent increase in apoptosis in embryos suggests a possible engagement of apoptosis in the role of DCF as a teratogenic agent. A detailed analysis of the actual effect of DCF on cellular apoptotic machinery necessitates further evaluation.
=>1.管理する, 制御する, 統制する, 抑える, 2.コントロール, 実験対象, 管理, 対照標準
Overview of noun control
The noun control has 11 senses (first 9 from tagged texts)
1. (19) control -- (power to direct or determine; "under control")
2. (16) control -- (a relation of constraint of one entity (thing or person or group) by another;
"measures for the control of disease"; "they instituted controls over drinking on campus")
3. (7) control -- ((physiology) regulation or maintenance of a function or action or reflex etc;
"the timing and control of his movements were unimpaired"; "he had lost control of his sphincters")
4. (5) control condition, control -- (a standard against which other conditions can be compared in a
scientific experiment; "the control condition was inappropriate for the conclusions he wished to
draw")
5. (5) control -- (the activity of managing or exerting control over something; "the control of the
mob by the police was admirable")
6. (4) dominance, ascendance, ascendence, ascendancy, ascendency, control -- (the state that exists
when one person or group has power over another; "her apparent dominance of her husband was really
her attempt to make him pay attention to her")
7. (3) restraint, control -- (discipline in personal and social activities; "he was a model of
polite restraint"; "she never lost control of herself")
8. (2) command, control, mastery -- (great skillfulness and knowledge of some subject or activity;
"a good command of French")
9. (1) control, controller -- (a mechanism that controls the operation of a machine; "the speed
controller on his turntable was not working properly"; "I turned the controls over to her")
10. control -- (a spiritual agency that is assumed to assist the medium during a seance)
11. control -- (the economic policy of controlling or limiting or curbing prices or wages etc.;
"they wanted to repeal all the legislation that imposed economic controls")
Overview of verb control
The verb control has 8 senses (first 4 from tagged texts)
1. (28) control, command -- (exercise authoritative control or power over; "control the budget";
"Command the military forces")
2. (20) control, hold in, hold, contain, check, curb, moderate -- (lessen the intensity of; temper;
hold in restraint; hold or keep within limits; "moderate your alcohol intake"; "hold your tongue";
"hold your temper"; "control your anger")
3. (7) operate, control -- (handle and cause to function; "do not operate machinery after imbibing
alcohol"; "control the lever")
4. (1) manipulate, keep in line, control -- (control (others or oneself) or influence skillfully,
usually to one's advantage; "She manipulates her boss"; "She is a very controlling mother and
doesn't let her children grow up"; "The teacher knew how to keep the class in line"; "she keeps in
line")
5. control, verify -- (check or regulate (a scientific experiment) by conducting a parallel
experiment or comparing with another standard; "Are you controlling for the temperature?")
6. control -- (verify by using a duplicate register for comparison; "control an account")
7. see, check, insure, see to it, ensure, control, ascertain, assure -- (be careful or certain to do
something; make certain of something; "He verified that the valves were closed"; "See that the
curtains are closed"; "control the quality of the product")
8. master, control -- (have a firm understanding or knowledge of; be on top of; "Do you control
these data?")
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