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399456 occurrences (No.44 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

318) Tracking error results indicate that the control system is effective at producing PMA displacement and resistance necessary for a scaled, simulated neuromuscular actuator to maintain low-velocity isokinetic movement during simulated concentric and eccentric knee extension.

--- ABSTRACT ---

PMID:23495753 DOI:10.1080/10255842.2013.774380

2015 Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering

* Haptic control of a pneumatic muscle actuator to provide resistance for simulated isokinetic exercise; part II: control development and testing.

- Pneumatic muscle actuators (PMAs) have a high power to weight ratio and possess unique characteristics which make them ideal actuators for applications involving human interaction. PMAs are difficult to control due to nonlinear dynamics, presenting challenges in system implementation. Despite these challenges, PMAs have great potential as a source of resistance for strength training and rehabilitation. The objective of this work was to control a PMA for use in isokinetic exercise, potentially benefiting anyone in need of optimal strength training through a joint's range of motion. The controller, based on an inverse three-element phenomenological model and adaptive nonlinear control, allows the system to operate as a type of haptic device. A human quadriceps dynamic simulator was developed (as described in Part I of this work) so that control effectiveness and accommodation could be tested prior to human implementation. Tracking error results indicate that the control system is effective at producing PMA displacement and resistance necessary for a scaled, simulated neuromuscular actuator to maintain low-velocity isokinetic movement during simulated concentric and eccentric knee extension.

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(1)96 group	(11)5 measures	(21)3 region,	(31)2 eyes
(2)34 and	(12)5 participants	(22)3 system	(32)2 levels
(3)29 null	(13)4 (P	(23)3 was	(33)2 mice
(4)29 region	(14)4 in	(24)3 with	(34)2 milk-LNS,
(5)24 of	(15)4 is	(25)2 NP	(35)2 practices
(6)21 groups	(16)4 over	(26)2 activities	(36)2 strategies
(7)17 group,	(17)4 regions	(27)2 but	(37)2 were
(8)9 the	(18)4 subjects	(28)2 donkeys
(9)7 group)	(19)3 a	(29)2 donkeys,
(10)7 study	(20)3 or	(30)2 during

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--- WordNet output for control --- =>1.管理する, 制御する, 統制する, 抑える, 2.コントロール, 実験対象, 管理, 対照標準 Overview of noun control The noun control has 11 senses (first 9 from tagged texts) 1. (19) control -- (power to direct or determine; "under control") 2. (16) control -- (a relation of constraint of one entity (thing or person or group) by another; "measures for the control of disease"; "they instituted controls over drinking on campus") 3. (7) control -- ((physiology) regulation or maintenance of a function or action or reflex etc; "the timing and control of his movements were unimpaired"; "he had lost control of his sphincters") 4. (5) control condition, control -- (a standard against which other conditions can be compared in a scientific experiment; "the control condition was inappropriate for the conclusions he wished to draw") 5. (5) control -- (the activity of managing or exerting control over something; "the control of the mob by the police was admirable") 6. (4) dominance, ascendance, ascendence, ascendancy, ascendency, control -- (the state that exists when one person or group has power over another; "her apparent dominance of her husband was really her attempt to make him pay attention to her") 7. (3) restraint, control -- (discipline in personal and social activities; "he was a model of polite restraint"; "she never lost control of herself") 8. (2) command, control, mastery -- (great skillfulness and knowledge of some subject or activity; "a good command of French") 9. (1) control, controller -- (a mechanism that controls the operation of a machine; "the speed controller on his turntable was not working properly"; "I turned the controls over to her") 10. control -- (a spiritual agency that is assumed to assist the medium during a seance) 11. control -- (the economic policy of controlling or limiting or curbing prices or wages etc.; "they wanted to repeal all the legislation that imposed economic controls") Overview of verb control The verb control has 8 senses (first 4 from tagged texts) 1. (28) control, command -- (exercise authoritative control or power over; "control the budget"; "Command the military forces") 2. (20) control, hold in, hold, contain, check, curb, moderate -- (lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint; hold or keep within limits; "moderate your alcohol intake"; "hold your tongue"; "hold your temper"; "control your anger") 3. (7) operate, control -- (handle and cause to function; "do not operate machinery after imbibing alcohol"; "control the lever") 4. (1) manipulate, keep in line, control -- (control (others or oneself) or influence skillfully, usually to one's advantage; "She manipulates her boss"; "She is a very controlling mother and doesn't let her children grow up"; "The teacher knew how to keep the class in line"; "she keeps in line") 5. control, verify -- (check or regulate (a scientific experiment) by conducting a parallel experiment or comparing with another standard; "Are you controlling for the temperature?") 6. control -- (verify by using a duplicate register for comparison; "control an account") 7. see, check, insure, see to it, ensure, control, ascertain, assure -- (be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something; "He verified that the valves were closed"; "See that the curtains are closed"; "control the quality of the product") 8. master, control -- (have a firm understanding or knowledge of; be on top of; "Do you control these data?") --- WordNet end ---