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return kwic search for effects out of >500 occurrences
566982 occurrences (No.17 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

261) Calcium and vitamin D modify the molecular phenotypic profiles of colon crypts in the normal colorectal mucosa of colorectal adenoma patients, but their effects on crypt morphology (length, perimeter, and area) are unknown.

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PMID:24115184 DOI:10.1002/mc.22090

2015 Molecular carcinogenesis

* Effects of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on crypt morphology in normal colon mucosa: A randomized clinical trial.

- Calcium and vitamin D modify the molecular phenotypic profiles of colon crypts in the normal colorectal mucosa of colorectal adenoma patients, but their effects on crypt morphology (length, perimeter, and area) are unknown. We analyzed data from a previously conducted pilot, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 2 × 2 factorial chemoprevention clinical trial of supplemental calcium 2000 mg/d and vitamin D3 800 IU/d, alone and in combination, versus placebo over 6 mo. Colorectal crypt length, perimeter, and area in the normal-appearing rectal mucosa were quantified by image analysis. The mean crypt length increased by 1% (P=0.92) in the calcium group, and decreased by 2% (P=0.69) and 4% (P=0.40) in the vitamin D and calcium plus vitamin D groups, respectively, relative to the placebo group. The mean crypt perimeter decreased by 2% (P=0.70) and 4% (P=0.40) in the vitamin D and calcium plus vitamin D groups, respectively, relative to the placebo group, but did not change appreciably in the calcium group. The mean crypt area decreased by 2% (P=0.74), 5% (P=0.41) and 7% (P=0.30) in the calcium, vitamin D and calcium plus vitamin D groups, respectively, relative to the placebo group. Calcium and/or vitamin D3 supplementation do not appear to appreciably change crypt morphology in the normal colorectal mucosa of sporadic adenoma patients. These results, taken together with previous findings, support the use of molecular phenotypic over morphologic pre-neoplastic biomarkers of risk for colorectal neoplasms.

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(1)251 of	(8)5 to	(15)3 that	(22)2 models
(2)52 on	(9)4 are	(16)3 with	(23)2 observed
(3)29 null	(10)4 such	(17)2 at	(24)2 regression
(4)22 in	(11)3 between	(18)2 due	(25)2 through
(5)16 and	(12)3 from	(19)2 has
(6)13 were	(13)3 induced	(20)2 include
(7)7 for	(14)3 may	(21)2 limited

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--- WordNet output for effects --- =>個人資産 Overview of noun effects The noun effects has 1 sense (no senses from tagged texts) 1. effects, personal effects -- (property of a personal character that is portable but not used in business; "she left some of her personal effects in the house"; "I watched over their effects until they returned") Overview of noun effect The noun effect has 6 senses (first 5 from tagged texts) 1. (101) consequence, effect, outcome, result, event, issue, upshot -- (a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon; "the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise"; "his decision had depressing consequences for business"; "he acted very wise after the event") 2. (11) impression, effect -- (an outward appearance; "he made a good impression"; "I wanted to create an impression of success"; "she retained that bold effect in her reproductions of the original painting") 3. (9) effect -- (an impression (especially one that is artificial or contrived); "he just did it for effect") 4. (2) effect, essence, burden, core, gist -- (the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work) 5. (1) effect, force -- ((of a law) having legal validity; "the law is still in effect") 6. effect -- (a symptom caused by an illness or a drug; "the effects of sleep loss"; "the effect of the anesthetic") Overview of verb effect The verb effect has 2 senses (first 2 from tagged texts) 1. (17) effect, effectuate, set up -- (produce; "The scientists set up a shock wave") 2. (3) effect -- (act so as to bring into existence; "effect a change") --- WordNet end ---