ELIZA cgi-bash version rev. 1.90
- Medical English LInking keywords finder for the PubMed Zipped Archive (ELIZA) -
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kwic search for effects out of >500 occurrences
566982 occurrences (No.17 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [cache]
343) Our data revealed that Satureja khuzistanica had beneficial effects in preventing opioid tolerance and the underlying mechanisms of those effects may be due, at least in part, to reduce spinal glial cell activation.
* Satureja khuzestanica prevents the development of morphine analgesic tolerance through suppression of spinal glial cell activation in rats.
- Glial cell activation and oxidative stress are important factors in the induction of opioid side effects such as tolerance and dependence. It has been demonstrated that Satureja khuzistanica extract (SKE) has antioxidative, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties; however, its influences on opioid analgesic tolerance have not yet been clarified. Adult male Wistar rats were rendered analgesic-tolerant by injection of 10 mg/kg morphine twice daily for 8 days. To determine the effect of SKE on the development of morphine tolerance, different doses of SKE (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg i.p.) were injected simultaneously with morphine. The tail-flick test was used to assess the nociceptive threshold. The lumbar spinal cord was assayed to determine glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) levels by the Western blotting method. Our results showed that chronic morphine produced tolerance to the antinociceptive effect of morphine. However, SKE could prevent, in a dose-dependent manner, morphine tolerance development. In tolerant animals, a significant increase in GFAP and TNFα levels was observed in the lumbar spinal cord, and was reversed to control levels by 100 mg/kg SKE. Our data revealed that Satureja khuzistanica had beneficial effects in preventing opioid tolerance and the underlying mechanisms of those effects may be due, at least in part, to reduce spinal glial cell activation.
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Overview of noun effects
The noun effects has 1 sense (no senses from tagged texts)
1. effects, personal effects -- (property of a personal character that is portable but not used in
business; "she left some of her personal effects in the house"; "I watched over their effects until
they returned")
Overview of noun effect
The noun effect has 6 senses (first 5 from tagged texts)
1. (101) consequence, effect, outcome, result, event, issue, upshot -- (a phenomenon that follows
and is caused by some previous phenomenon; "the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was
lengthwise"; "his decision had depressing consequences for business"; "he acted very wise after the
event")
2. (11) impression, effect -- (an outward appearance; "he made a good impression"; "I wanted to
create an impression of success"; "she retained that bold effect in her reproductions of the
original painting")
3. (9) effect -- (an impression (especially one that is artificial or contrived); "he just did it
for effect")
4. (2) effect, essence, burden, core, gist -- (the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary
work)
5. (1) effect, force -- ((of a law) having legal validity; "the law is still in effect")
6. effect -- (a symptom caused by an illness or a drug; "the effects of sleep loss"; "the effect of
the anesthetic")
Overview of verb effect
The verb effect has 2 senses (first 2 from tagged texts)
1. (17) effect, effectuate, set up -- (produce; "The scientists set up a shock wave")
2. (3) effect -- (act so as to bring into existence; "effect a change")
--- WordNet end ---