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566982 occurrences (No.17 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache]
500 found
366) The purpose of the present review is to elucidate immune responses that are initiated or affected by ionizing radiation, with a special emphasis on anti-inflammatory and abscopal effects and the induction of stress-induced anti-tumour immunity.
* Contribution of the immune system to bystander and non-targeted effects of ionizing radiation.
- Considerable progress has recently been achieved in the understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in cellular radiation responses and radiation mediated microenvironmental communication. In line with that, it has become more and more obvious that X-irradiation causes distinct immunological effects ranging from anti-inflammatory activities if applied at low (<1 Gy) doses to harmful inflammatory side effects, radiation-induced immune modulation or induction of anti-tumour immune responses at higher doses. Moreover, experimental and clinical evidences indicate that these effects not only originate from direct nuclear damage but also include non-(DNA) targeted mechanisms including bystander, out of field distant bystander (abscopal) effects and genomic instability. The purpose of the present review is to elucidate immune responses that are initiated or affected by ionizing radiation, with a special emphasis on anti-inflammatory and abscopal effects and the induction of stress-induced anti-tumour immunity.
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Overview of noun effects
The noun effects has 1 sense (no senses from tagged texts)
1. effects, personal effects -- (property of a personal character that is portable but not used in
business; "she left some of her personal effects in the house"; "I watched over their effects until
they returned")
Overview of noun effect
The noun effect has 6 senses (first 5 from tagged texts)
1. (101) consequence, effect, outcome, result, event, issue, upshot -- (a phenomenon that follows
and is caused by some previous phenomenon; "the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was
lengthwise"; "his decision had depressing consequences for business"; "he acted very wise after the
event")
2. (11) impression, effect -- (an outward appearance; "he made a good impression"; "I wanted to
create an impression of success"; "she retained that bold effect in her reproductions of the
original painting")
3. (9) effect -- (an impression (especially one that is artificial or contrived); "he just did it
for effect")
4. (2) effect, essence, burden, core, gist -- (the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary
work)
5. (1) effect, force -- ((of a law) having legal validity; "the law is still in effect")
6. effect -- (a symptom caused by an illness or a drug; "the effects of sleep loss"; "the effect of
the anesthetic")
Overview of verb effect
The verb effect has 2 senses (first 2 from tagged texts)
1. (17) effect, effectuate, set up -- (produce; "The scientists set up a shock wave")
2. (3) effect -- (act so as to bring into existence; "effect a change")
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