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return kwic search for effects out of >500 occurrences
566982 occurrences (No.17 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

423) While α-cyclodextrin killed the embryos, and L(-)-xylose had small effects at one concentration tested, L(-)-rhamnose caused substantially increased numbers of unattached archenterons and exogastrulated embryos at low glycan concentrations after 18-24 h incubation with the sugar.

--- ABSTRACT ---

PMID:24134935 DOI:10.1017/S0967199413000452

2015 Zygote (Cambridge, England)

* Involvement of L(-)-rhamnose in sea urchin gastrulation: a live embryo assay.

- The sea urchin embryo is a National Institutes of Health model system that has provided major developments, and is important in human health and disease. To obtain initial insights to identify glycans that mediate cellular interactions, Lytechinus pictus sea urchin embryos were incubated at 24 or 30 h post-fertilization with 0.0009-0.03 M alpha-cyclodextrin, melibiose, L(-)-rhamnose, trehalose, D(+)-xylose or L(-)-xylose in lower-calcium artificial sea water (pH 8.0, 15°C), which speeds the entry of molecules into the interior of the embryos. While α-cyclodextrin killed the embryos, and L(-)-xylose had small effects at one concentration tested, L(-)-rhamnose caused substantially increased numbers of unattached archenterons and exogastrulated embryos at low glycan concentrations after 18-24 h incubation with the sugar. The results were statistically significant compared with the control embryos in the absence of sugar (P < 0.05). The other sugars (melibiose, trehalose, D(+)-xylose) had no statistically significant effects whatsoever at any of the concentrations tested. In total, in the current study, 39,369 embryos were examined. This study is the first demonstration that uses a live embryo assay for a likely role for L(-)-rhamnose in sea urchin gastrula cellular interactions, which have interested investigators for over a century.

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(1)251 of	(8)5 to	(15)3 that	(22)2 models
(2)52 on	(9)4 are	(16)3 with	(23)2 observed
(3)29 null	(10)4 such	(17)2 at	(24)2 regression
(4)22 in	(11)3 between	(18)2 due	(25)2 through
(5)16 and	(12)3 from	(19)2 has
(6)13 were	(13)3 induced	(20)2 include
(7)7 for	(14)3 may	(21)2 limited

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--- WordNet output for effects --- =>個人資産 Overview of noun effects The noun effects has 1 sense (no senses from tagged texts) 1. effects, personal effects -- (property of a personal character that is portable but not used in business; "she left some of her personal effects in the house"; "I watched over their effects until they returned") Overview of noun effect The noun effect has 6 senses (first 5 from tagged texts) 1. (101) consequence, effect, outcome, result, event, issue, upshot -- (a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon; "the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise"; "his decision had depressing consequences for business"; "he acted very wise after the event") 2. (11) impression, effect -- (an outward appearance; "he made a good impression"; "I wanted to create an impression of success"; "she retained that bold effect in her reproductions of the original painting") 3. (9) effect -- (an impression (especially one that is artificial or contrived); "he just did it for effect") 4. (2) effect, essence, burden, core, gist -- (the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work) 5. (1) effect, force -- ((of a law) having legal validity; "the law is still in effect") 6. effect -- (a symptom caused by an illness or a drug; "the effects of sleep loss"; "the effect of the anesthetic") Overview of verb effect The verb effect has 2 senses (first 2 from tagged texts) 1. (17) effect, effectuate, set up -- (produce; "The scientists set up a shock wave") 2. (3) effect -- (act so as to bring into existence; "effect a change") --- WordNet end ---