ELIZA

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731925 occurrences (No.6 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

407) We apply the information theory concept of "channel capacity" to diagnostic test performance and derive an expression for channel capacity in terms of test sensitivity and test specificity.

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PMID:22368178 DOI:10.1177/0962280212439742

2015 Statistical methods in medical research

* The channel capacity of a diagnostic test as a function of test sensitivity and test specificity.

- We apply the information theory concept of "channel capacity" to diagnostic test performance and derive an expression for channel capacity in terms of test sensitivity and test specificity. The expected value of the amount of information a diagnostic test will provide is equal to the "mutual information" between the test result and the disease state. For the case in which only two test results and two disease states are considered, mutual information, I(D;R), is a function of sensitivity, specificity, and the pretest probability of disease. The channel capacity of the test is the maximal value of I(D;R) for a given sensitivity and specificity. After deriving an expression for I(D;R) in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and pretest probability, we solve for the value of pretest probability that maximizes I(D;R). Channel capacity is obtained by using this value of pretest probability to calculate I(D;R). Channel capacity provides a convenient and meaningful single parameter measure of diagnostic test performance. It quantifies the upper limit of the amount of information a diagnostic test can be expected to provide about a patient's disease state.

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--- WordNet output for expression --- =>表現すること, 式, 表現, 表示, 言い回し, 表現法, 表情 Overview of noun expression The noun expression has 9 senses (first 6 from tagged texts) 1. (23) expression, look, aspect, facial expression, face -- (the feelings expressed on a person's face; "a sad expression"; "a look of triumph"; "an angry face") 2. (18) expression, manifestation, reflection, reflexion -- (expression without words; "tears are an expression of grief"; "the pulse is a reflection of the heart's condition") 3. (15) expression, verbal expression, verbalism -- (the communication (in speech or writing) of your beliefs or opinions; "expressions of good will"; "he helped me find verbal expression for my ideas"; "the idea was immediate but the verbalism took hours") 4. (5) saying, expression, locution -- (a word or phrase that particular people use in particular situations; "pardon the expression") 5. (4) formulation, expression -- (the style of expressing yourself; "he suggested a better formulation"; "his manner of expression showed how much he cared") 6. (4) formula, expression -- (a group of symbols that make a mathematical statement) 7. expression -- ((genetics) the process of expressing a gene) 8. construction, grammatical construction, expression -- (a group of words that form a constituent of a sentence and are considered as a single unit; "I concluded from his awkward constructions that he was a foreigner") 9. expression -- (the act of forcing something out by squeezing or pressing; "the expression of milk from her breast") --- WordNet end ---