ELIZA

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731925 occurrences (No.6 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

454) The corner of the mouth in the model experienced the largest displacement for each facial expression (∼11-14 mm).

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PMID:23919890 DOI:10.1080/10255842.2013.820720

2015 Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering

* A finite element model of the face including an orthotropic skin model under in vivo tension.

- Computer models of the human face have the potential to be used as powerful tools in surgery simulation and animation development applications. While existing models accurately represent various anatomical features of the face, the representation of the skin and soft tissues is very simplified. A computer model of the face is proposed in which the skin is represented by an orthotropic hyperelastic constitutive model. The in vivo tension inherent in skin is also represented in the model. The model was tested by simulating several facial expressions by activating appropriate orofacial and jaw muscles. Previous experiments calculated the change in orientation of the long axis of elliptical wounds on patients' faces for wide opening of the mouth and an open-mouth smile (both 30(o)). These results were compared with the average change of maximum principal stress direction in the skin calculated in the face model for wide opening of the mouth (18(o)) and an open-mouth smile (25(o)). The displacements of landmarks on the face for four facial expressions were compared with experimental measurements in the literature. The corner of the mouth in the model experienced the largest displacement for each facial expression (∼11-14 mm). The simulated landmark displacements were within a standard deviation of the measured displacements. Increasing the skin stiffness and skin tension generally resulted in a reduction in landmark displacements upon facial expression.

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(1)183 of	(11)7 is	(21)3 indicating	(31)2 level,
(2)50 in	(12)6 analysis	(22)3 on	(32)2 pattern
(3)28 levels	(13)4 at	(23)3 via	(33)2 profiling
(4)25 and	(14)4 profile	(24)2 alkaline	(34)2 regulation
(5)23 was	(15)4 through	(25)2 between	(35)2 that
(6)21 null	(16)4 were	(26)2 but	(36)2 whereas
(7)11 level	(17)3 are	(27)2 cell	(37)2 which
(8)10 patterns	(18)3 changes	(28)2 during	(38)2 with
(9)8 profiles	(19)3 data	(29)2 from
(10)7 by	(20)3 for	(30)2 increased

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--- WordNet output for expression --- =>表現すること, 式, 表現, 表示, 言い回し, 表現法, 表情 Overview of noun expression The noun expression has 9 senses (first 6 from tagged texts) 1. (23) expression, look, aspect, facial expression, face -- (the feelings expressed on a person's face; "a sad expression"; "a look of triumph"; "an angry face") 2. (18) expression, manifestation, reflection, reflexion -- (expression without words; "tears are an expression of grief"; "the pulse is a reflection of the heart's condition") 3. (15) expression, verbal expression, verbalism -- (the communication (in speech or writing) of your beliefs or opinions; "expressions of good will"; "he helped me find verbal expression for my ideas"; "the idea was immediate but the verbalism took hours") 4. (5) saying, expression, locution -- (a word or phrase that particular people use in particular situations; "pardon the expression") 5. (4) formulation, expression -- (the style of expressing yourself; "he suggested a better formulation"; "his manner of expression showed how much he cared") 6. (4) formula, expression -- (a group of symbols that make a mathematical statement) 7. expression -- ((genetics) the process of expressing a gene) 8. construction, grammatical construction, expression -- (a group of words that form a constituent of a sentence and are considered as a single unit; "I concluded from his awkward constructions that he was a foreigner") 9. expression -- (the act of forcing something out by squeezing or pressing; "the expression of milk from her breast") --- WordNet end ---