ELIZA

return kwic search for function out of >500 occurrences
288503 occurrences (No.86 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [cache]

29) However, a growing body of work has suggested that the antagonistic potential of specialized metabolites is not their only function.

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PMID:34460312 DOI:10.1128/JB.00337-21

2021 Journal of bacteriology

* Defining the Expression, Production, and Signaling Roles of Specialized Metabolites during Bacillus subtilis Differentiation.

- Bacterial specialized (or secondary) metabolites are structurally diverse molecules that mediate intra- and interspecies interactions by altering growth and cellular physiology and differentiation. Bacillus subtilis, a Gram-positive model bacterium commonly used to study biofilm formation and sporulation, has the capacity to produce more than 10 specialized metabolites. Some of these B. subtilis specialized metabolites have been investigated for their role in facilitating cellular differentiation, but only rarely has the behavior of multiple metabolites been simultaneously investigated. In this study, we explored the interconnectivity of differentiation (biofilm and sporulation) and specialized metabolites in B. subtilis. Specifically, we interrogated how development influences specialized metabolites and vice versa. Using the sporulation-inducing medium DSM, we found that the majority of the specialized metabolites examined are expressed and produced during biofilm formation and sporulation. Additionally, we found that six of these metabolites (surfactin, ComX, bacillibactin, bacilysin, subtilosin A, and plipastatin) are necessary signaling molecules for proper progression of B. subtilis differentiation. This study further supports the growing body of work demonstrating that specialized metabolites have essential physiological functions as cell-cell communication signals in bacteria. IMPORTANCE Bacterially produced specialized metabolites are frequently studied for their potential use as antibiotics and antifungals. However, a growing body of work has suggested that the antagonistic potential of specialized metabolites is not their only function. Here, using Bacillus subtilis as our model bacterium, we demonstrated that developmental processes such as biofilm formation and sporulation are tightly linked to specialized metabolite gene expression and production. Additionally, under our differentiation-inducing conditions, six out of the nine specialized metabolites investigated behave as intraspecific signals that impact B. subtilis physiology and influence biofilm formation and sporulation. Our work supports the viewpoint that specialized metabolites have a clear role as cell-cell signaling molecules within differentiated populations of bacteria.

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(1)86 null	(9)5 following	(17)3 mutations	(25)2 for
(2)72 of	(10)5 was	(18)3 not	(26)2 have
(3)68 and	(11)5 with	(19)3 were	(27)2 including
(4)63 in	(12)4 by	(20)3 which	(28)2 measures
(5)16 is	(13)4 has	(21)2 after	(29)2 or
(6)13 as	(14)4 tests	(22)2 among	(30)2 quality
(7)5 are	(15)4 to	(23)2 data	(31)2 that
(8)5 associated	(16)3 at	(24)2 during	(32)2 variants

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--- WordNet output for function --- =>1.機能, 関数, 役割, 働き, 2.機能する, 作用する, 働く, 役目を果たす, 3.社交的会合, パーティー, 儀式 Overview of noun function The noun function has 7 senses (first 3 from tagged texts) 1. (43) function, mathematical function, single-valued function, map, mapping -- ((mathematics) a mathematical relation such that each element of a given set (the domain of the function) is associated with an element of another set (the range of the function)) 2. (24) function, purpose, role, use -- (what something is used for; "the function of an auger is to bore holes"; "ballet is beautiful but what use is it?") 3. (7) function, office, part, role -- (the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group; "the function of a teacher"; "the government must do its part"; "play its role") 4. function -- (a relation such that one thing is dependent on another; "height is a function of age"; "price is a function of supply and demand") 5. function -- (a formal or official social gathering or ceremony; "it was a black-tie function") 6. affair, occasion, social occasion, function, social function -- (a vaguely specified social event; "the party was quite an affair"; "an occasion arranged to honor the president"; "a seemingly endless round of social functions") 7. routine, subroutine, subprogram, procedure, function -- (a set sequence of steps, part of larger computer program) Overview of verb function The verb function has 3 senses (first 3 from tagged texts) 1. (9) function, work, operate, go, run -- (perform as expected when applied; "The washing machine won't go unless it's plugged in"; "Does this old car still run well?"; "This old radio doesn't work anymore") 2. (3) serve, function -- (serve a purpose, role, or function; "The tree stump serves as a table"; "The female students served as a control group"; "This table would serve very well"; "His freedom served him well"; "The table functions as a desk") 3. (1) officiate, function -- (perform duties attached to a particular office or place or function; "His wife officiated as his private secretary") --- WordNet end ---