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298283 occurrences (No.79 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found
140) This report provides further evidence of mechanical/intrastadial and, for the first time, transstadial transmission of LSDV by A.
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PMID:23702314 DOI:10.1111/tbed.12102
2015 Transboundary and emerging diseases
* Evidence of transstadial and mechanical transmission of lumpy skin disease virus by Amblyomma hebraeum ticks.
- Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an economically important disease caused by LSD virus (LSDV), a Capripoxvirus, characterized by fever and circumscribed skin lesions. It is suspected to be transmitted mechanically by biting flies. To assess the vector potential of Amblyomma hebraeum in transmission of LSDV, mechanical/intrastadial and transstadial modes of transmission of the virus by this tick species were investigated. Two cattle were artificially infected as sources (donors) of infection to ticks. Ticks were infected as either nymphs or adults. Male A. hebraeum ticks were partially fed on donor animals and transferred to recipient animals to test for mechanical/intrastadial transmission. Nymphal A. hebraeum were fed to repletion on donor animals. The emergent adult ticks were placed on recipient animals to test for transstadial transmission of the virus. Successful transmission of LSDV infection was determined in recipient animals by monitoring development of clinical signs, testing of blood for the presence of LSDV by real-time PCR, virus isolation and the serum neutralization test. This report provides further evidence of mechanical/intrastadial and, for the first time, transstadial transmission of LSDV by A. hebraeum. These findings implicate A. hebraeum as a possible maintenance host in the epidemiology of the disease.
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(1)39 studies (16)4 developed (31)2 analyses (46)2 insights
(2)32 research (17)4 in (32)2 analyzed (47)2 monitoring
(3)18 investigation (18)4 supported (33)2 application (48)2 optimization
(4)18 study (19)3 *null* (34)2 as (49)2 prospective
(5)11 the (20)3 a (35)2 assessed (50)2 protection
(6)10 investigations (21)3 clinical (36)2 complications (51)2 spread
(7)8 analysis (22)3 evaluation (37)2 divided (52)2 suggests
(8)7 evidence (23)3 exploration (38)2 elucidate (53)2 supporting
(9)7 phylogenetic (24)3 explore (39)2 enhance (54)2 supports
(10)6 explored (25)3 for (40)2 episodes (55)2 taxonomic
(11)5 development (26)3 increased (41)2 evaluated (56)2 that
(12)5 support (27)3 investigate (42)2 examination (57)2 used
(13)5 validation (28)3 molecular (43)2 identification
(14)4 by (29)3 understand (44)2 improvement
(15)4 confirmed (30)2 advances (45)2 increase

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--- WordNet output for further --- =>1.さらにずっと, さらに先に, 一層遠く, その上, 更に, もっと遠い, なお一層の, さらに遠く, もっと先に, いっそうはるかに, さらにまた, さらになお(furthermore), 2.進める, 助成する, 促進する Overview of verb further The verb further has 2 senses (first 2 from tagged texts) 1. (7) foster, further -- (promote the growth of; "Foster our children's well-being and education") 2. (2) promote, advance, boost, further, encourage -- (contribute to the progress or growth of; "I am promoting the use of computers in the classroom") Overview of adj further The adj further has 1 sense (first 1 from tagged texts) 1. (2) further, farther -- (more distant in especially degree; "nothing could be further from the truth"; "further from our expectations"; "farther from the truth"; "farther from our expectations") Overview of adv further The adv further has 3 senses (first 3 from tagged texts) 1. (33) further, farther -- (to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (`further' is used more often than `farther' in this abstract sense); "further complicated by uncertainty about the future"; "let's not discuss it further"; "nothing could be further from the truth"; "they are further along in their research than we expected"; "the application of the law was extended farther"; "he is going no farther in his studies") 2. (10) further -- (in addition or furthermore; "if we further suppose"; "stated further that he would not cooperate with them"; "they are definitely coming; further, they should be here already") 3. (1) farther, further -- (to or at a greater distance in time or space (`farther' is used more frequently than `further' in this physical sense); "farther north"; "moved farther away"; "farther down the corridor"; "the practice may go back still farther to the Druids"; "went only three miles further"; "further in the future") Overview of adv far The adv far has 5 senses (first 4 from tagged texts) 1. (61) far -- (to a considerable degree; very much; "a far far better thing that I do"; "felt far worse than yesterday"; "eyes far too close together") 2. (39) far -- (at or to or from a great distance in space; "he traveled far"; "strayed far from home"; "sat far away from each other") 3. (22) far -- (at or to a certain point or degree; "I can only go so far before I have to give up"; "how far can we get with this kind of argument?") 4. (3) far -- (remote in time; "if we could see far into the future"; "all that happened far in the past") 5. far -- (to an advanced stage or point; "a young man who will go very far") --- WordNet end ---