ELIZA

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298283 occurrences (No.79 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

213) Compared with controls, the pre-HD group showed significantly increased activation longitudinally during 1-BACK in the left DLPFC and medial frontal cortex, and further increased activation during 2-BACK in the bilateral caudate, putamen, and temporal cortex.

--- ABSTRACT ---

PMID:24240602 DOI:10.1007/s00429-013-0670-z

2015 Brain structure & function

* Functional changes during working memory in Huntington's disease: 30-month longitudinal data from the IMAGE-HD study.

- We characterized 30-month longitudinal change in functional activation and connectivity during working memory in premanifest (pre-HD) and symptomatic (symp-HD) Huntington's disease (HD). In a case-control longitudinal study (baseline, 18 months, and 30 months), we compared change in fMRI activity over time during working memory in 22 pre-HD, 11 symp-HD, and 20 control participants. Outcome measures were BOLD (blood-oxygen-level-dependent) activity during 1-BACK and 2-BACK working memory and functional connectivity between dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and caudate. Compared with controls, the pre-HD group showed significantly increased activation longitudinally during 1-BACK in the left DLPFC and medial frontal cortex, and further increased activation during 2-BACK in the bilateral caudate, putamen, and temporal cortex. Longitudinal change in symp-HD was not significantly different from controls. Longitudinal changes in pre-HD were associated with disease burden and years to onset. The pre-HD group showed longitudinal decreased functional connectivity between left DLPFC and caudate during both 1-BACK and 2-BACK performance. We provide an evidence for longitudinal changes in BOLD activity during working memory prior to clinical manifestations of HD. The ability to increase activation in the prefrontal cortex over time may represent an early compensatory response during the premanifest stage, which may reflect an early marker for clinically relevant functional changes in HD.

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[frequency of next (right) word to further]

(1)39 studies	(16)4 developed	(31)2 analyses	(46)2 insights
(2)32 research	(17)4 in	(32)2 analyzed	(47)2 monitoring
(3)18 investigation	(18)4 supported	(33)2 application	(48)2 optimization
(4)18 study	(19)3 null	(34)2 as	(49)2 prospective
(5)11 the	(20)3 a	(35)2 assessed	(50)2 protection
(6)10 investigations	(21)3 clinical	(36)2 complications	(51)2 spread
(7)8 analysis	(22)3 evaluation	(37)2 divided	(52)2 suggests
(8)7 evidence	(23)3 exploration	(38)2 elucidate	(53)2 supporting
(9)7 phylogenetic	(24)3 explore	(39)2 enhance	(54)2 supports
(10)6 explored	(25)3 for	(40)2 episodes	(55)2 taxonomic
(11)5 development	(26)3 increased	(41)2 evaluated	(56)2 that
(12)5 support	(27)3 investigate	(42)2 examination	(57)2 used
(13)5 validation	(28)3 molecular	(43)2 identification
(14)4 by	(29)3 understand	(44)2 improvement
(15)4 confirmed	(30)2 advances	(45)2 increase

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--- WordNet output for further --- =>1.さらにずっと, さらに先に, 一層遠く, その上, 更に, もっと遠い, なお一層の, さらに遠く, もっと先に, いっそうはるかに, さらにまた, さらになお(furthermore), 2.進める, 助成する, 促進する Overview of verb further The verb further has 2 senses (first 2 from tagged texts) 1. (7) foster, further -- (promote the growth of; "Foster our children's well-being and education") 2. (2) promote, advance, boost, further, encourage -- (contribute to the progress or growth of; "I am promoting the use of computers in the classroom") Overview of adj further The adj further has 1 sense (first 1 from tagged texts) 1. (2) further, farther -- (more distant in especially degree; "nothing could be further from the truth"; "further from our expectations"; "farther from the truth"; "farther from our expectations") Overview of adv further The adv further has 3 senses (first 3 from tagged texts) 1. (33) further, farther -- (to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (`further' is used more often than `farther' in this abstract sense); "further complicated by uncertainty about the future"; "let's not discuss it further"; "nothing could be further from the truth"; "they are further along in their research than we expected"; "the application of the law was extended farther"; "he is going no farther in his studies") 2. (10) further -- (in addition or furthermore; "if we further suppose"; "stated further that he would not cooperate with them"; "they are definitely coming; further, they should be here already") 3. (1) farther, further -- (to or at a greater distance in time or space (`farther' is used more frequently than `further' in this physical sense); "farther north"; "moved farther away"; "farther down the corridor"; "the practice may go back still farther to the Druids"; "went only three miles further"; "further in the future") Overview of adv far The adv far has 5 senses (first 4 from tagged texts) 1. (61) far -- (to a considerable degree; very much; "a far far better thing that I do"; "felt far worse than yesterday"; "eyes far too close together") 2. (39) far -- (at or to or from a great distance in space; "he traveled far"; "strayed far from home"; "sat far away from each other") 3. (22) far -- (at or to a certain point or degree; "I can only go so far before I have to give up"; "how far can we get with this kind of argument?") 4. (3) far -- (remote in time; "if we could see far into the future"; "all that happened far in the past") 5. far -- (to an advanced stage or point; "a young man who will go very far") --- WordNet end ---