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324223 occurrences (No.64 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found
19) Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a zoonotic mosquito-borne virus disease of livestock and wild ruminants that has been identified as a risk for international spread.
--- ABSTRACT ---
PMID:24330522 DOI:10.1111/tbed.12197
2015 Transboundary and emerging diseases
* Rift valley Fever in Kruger national park: do buffalo play a role in the inter-epidemic circulation of virus?
- Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a zoonotic mosquito-borne virus disease of livestock and wild ruminants that has been identified as a risk for international spread. Typically, the disease occurs in geographically limited outbreaks associated with high rainfall events and can cause massive losses of livestock. It is unclear how RVF virus persists during inter-epidemic periods but cryptic cycling of the virus in wildlife populations may play a role. We investigated the role that free-living African buffalo (Syncerus caffer caffer) might play in inter-epidemic circulation of the virus and looked for geographic, age and sex patterns of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) infection in African buffalo. Buffalo serum samples were collected (n = 1615) in Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa, during a period of 1996-2007 and tested for antibodies to RVF. We found that older animals were more likely to be seropositive for anti-RVFV antibody than younger animals, but sex was not correlated with the likelihood of being anti-RVFV antibody positive. We also found geographic variation within KNP; herds in the south were more likely to have acquired anti-RVFV antibody than herds farther north - which could be driven by host or vector ecology. In all years of the study between 1996 and 2007, we found young buffalo (under 2 years of age) that were seropositive for anti-RVFV antibody, with prevalence ranging between 0 and 27% each year, indicating probable circulation. In addition, we also conducted a 4-year longitudinal study on 227 initially RVFV seronegative buffalo to look for evidence of seroconversion outside known RVF outbreaks within our study period (2008-2012). In the longitudinal study, we found five individuals that seroconverted from anti-RVFV antibody negative to anti-RVFV antibody positive, outside of any detected outbreak. Overall, our results provide evidence of long-term undetected circulation of RVFV in the buffalo population.
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--- WordNet output for identified --- =>確認飛行物体;略:IFO Overview of verb identify The verb identify has 6 senses (first 6 from tagged texts) 1. (32) identify, place -- (recognize as being; establish the identity of someone or something; "She identified the man on the 'wanted' poster") 2. (7) name, identify -- (give the name or identifying characteristics of; refer to by name or some other identifying characteristic property; "Many senators were named in connection with the scandal"; "The almanac identifies the auspicious months") 3. (6) identify -- (consider (oneself) as similar to somebody else; "He identified with the refugees") 4. (4) identify -- (conceive of as united or associated; "Sex activity is closely identified with the hypothalamus") 5. (2) identify, discover, key, key out, distinguish, describe, name -- (identify as in botany or biology, for example) 6. (2) identify -- (consider to be equal or the same; "He identified his brother as one of the fugitives") Overview of adj identified The adj identified has 1 sense (first 1 from tagged texts) 1. (1) identified -- (having the identity known or established; "the identified bodies were released for burial") --- WordNet end ---