* Three-Dimensional Nonlinear Contact Finite Element Analysis of Mandibular All-on-4 Design.
- The All-on-4 design was used successfully for restoring edentulous mandible. This design avoids anatomic cripples such as inferior alveolar nerve by tilting posterior implants. Moreover, tilting posterior implants of All-on-4 design had a mechanical preference than the conventional design. On the other hand, the anterior implants are parallel at the lateral incisor region. Several researches showed favorable results for tilting posterior implants. However, research did not study the influence of the anterior implant position or orientation on the mechanical aspects of this design. This study analyzes the influence of varying anterior implant position and orientation of the All-on-4 design using nonlinear contact 3D finite-element analysis. Three copied 3-dimensional models of the All-on-4 design were classified according to anterior implant position and orientation. The frictional contact between fixtures and bone was the contact type in this finite element analysis. Finally, von Mises stress and strain at implant and bone levels were recorded and analyzed using finite element software. Stress concentrations were detected mainly around the posterior implant at the loaded side. Values of the maximum equivalent stress and strain were around tilted implants of design III followed by design II, then design I. Changing the position or orientation of the anterior implants in All-on-4 design influences stress-strain distribution of the whole design.
Overview of noun level
The noun level has 8 senses (first 6 from tagged texts)
1. (69) degree, grade, level -- (a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality; "a
moderate grade of intelligence"; "a high level of care is required"; "it is all a matter of degree")
2. (22) grade, level, tier -- (a relative position or degree of value in a graded group; "lumber of
the highest grade")
3. (15) degree, level, stage, point -- (a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or
especially in a process; "a remarkable degree of frankness"; "at what stage are the social
sciences?")
4. (5) level -- (height above ground; "the water reached ankle level"; "the pictures were at the
same level")
5. (1) level, spirit level -- (indicator that establishes the horizontal when a bubble is centered
in a tube of liquid)
6. (1) horizontal surface, level -- (a flat surface at right angles to a plumb line; "park the car
on the level")
7. level, layer, stratum -- (an abstract place usually conceived as having depth; "a good actor
communicates on several levels"; "a simile has at least two layers of meaning"; "the mind functions
on many strata simultaneously")
8. floor, level, storey, story -- (a structure consisting of a room or set of rooms at a single
position along a vertical scale; "what level is the office on?")
Overview of verb level
The verb level has 6 senses (first 3 from tagged texts)
1. (4) level -- (aim at; "level criticism or charges at somebody")
2. (1) level, raze, rase, dismantle, tear down, take down, pull down -- (tear down so as to make
flat with the ground; "The building was levelled")
3. (1) flush, level, even out, even -- (make level or straight; "level the ground")
4. charge, level, point -- (direct into a position for use; "point a gun"; "He charged his weapon at
me")
5. level -- (talk frankly with; lay it on the line; "I have to level with you")
6. level, level off -- (become level or even; "The ground levelled off")
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