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318584 occurrences (No.68 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [cache]

133) Prenatal food supplementation programmes that begin first trimester may support greater birth size of male infants despite high maternal stress where low birthweight is a public health concern.

--- ABSTRACT ---

PMID:23556466 DOI:10.1111/mcn.12047

2015 Maternal & child nutrition

* Early prenatal food supplementation ameliorates the negative association of maternal stress with birth size in a randomised trial.

- Low birthweight increases the risk of infant mortality, morbidity and poor development. Maternal nutrition and stress influence birth size, but their combined effect is not known. We hypothesised that an early-invitation time to start a prenatal food supplementation programme could reduce the negative influence of prenatal maternal stress on birth size, and that effect would differ by infant sex. A cohort of 1041 pregnant women, who had delivered an infant, June 2003-March 2004, was sampled from among 3267 in the randomised controlled trial, Maternal Infant Nutritional Interventions Matlab, conducted in Matlab, Bangladesh. At 8 weeks gestation, women were randomly assigned an invitation to start food supplements (2.5 MJ d(-1) ; 6 days a week) either early (∼9 weeks gestation; early-invitation group) or at usual start time for the governmental programme (∼20 weeks gestation; usual-invitation group). Morning concentration of cortisol was measured from one saliva sample/woman at 28-32 weeks gestation to assess stress. Birth-size measurements for 90% of infants were collected within 4 days of birth. In a general linear model, there was an interaction between invitation time to start the food supplementation programme and cortisol with birthweight, length and head circumference of male infants, but not female infants. Among the usual-invitation group only, male infants whose mothers had higher prenatal cortisol weighed less than those whose mothers had lower prenatal cortisol. Prenatal food supplementation programmes that begin first trimester may support greater birth size of male infants despite high maternal stress where low birthweight is a public health concern.

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(1)21 and	(18)4 or	(35)2 Chilean	(52)2 energy
(2)19 laser	(19)4 socioeconomic	(36)2 HLB	(53)2 families
(3)11 doses	(20)3 Er:YAG	(37)2 OAs	(54)2 genetic
(4)11 levels	(21)3 O2	(38)2 acculturation	(55)2 group
(5)10 null	(22)3 PFR	(39)2 activities	(56)2 maternal
(6)10 cost	(23)3 PbB	(40)2 activity	(57)2 method
(7)10 lipoprotein	(24)3 STT	(41)2 after	(58)2 molecular
(8)8 back	(25)3 concentrations	(42)2 areas	(59)2 oral
(9)8 birth	(26)3 educational	(43)2 at	(60)2 pH
(10)8 dose	(27)3 features	(44)2 bioavailability	(61)2 peer
(11)7 in	(28)3 risk	(45)2 body	(62)2 population
(12)7 level	(29)3 serum	(46)2 cancer	(63)2 radiation
(13)6 birthweight	(30)3 shear	(47)2 children	(64)2 resilience
(14)5 but	(31)3 tumours	(48)2 coverage	(65)2 running
(15)4 as	(32)3 vagal	(49)2 degree	(66)2 sensitivity
(16)4 carbon	(33)3 water	(50)2 density	(67)2 settings
(17)4 income	(34)3 whole-body	(51)2 education	(68)2 temperature

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--- WordNet output for low --- =>安い, 低いところ, 卑劣に, 粗食で, 低い(もの), 弱い, 粗末な, 乏しい, 衿ぐりが深い, 建物の低い, 下劣な, 低級な Overview of noun low The noun low has 4 senses (no senses from tagged texts) 1. low, depression -- (an air mass of lower pressure; often brings precipitation; "a low moved in over night bringing sleet and snow") 2. Low, David Low, Sir David Low, Sir David Alexander Cecil Low -- (British political cartoonist (born in New Zealand) who created the character Colonel Blimp (1891-1963)) 3. low -- (a low level or position or degree; "the stock market fell to a new low") 4. first gear, first, low gear, low -- (the lowest forward gear ratio in the gear box of a motor vehicle; used to start a car moving) Overview of verb low The verb low has 1 sense (no senses from tagged texts) 1. moo, low -- (make a low noise, characteristic of bovines) Overview of adj low The adj low has 10 senses (first 6 from tagged texts) 1. (55) low -- (less than normal in degree or intensity or amount; "low prices"; "the reservoir is low") 2. (23) low -- (literal meanings; being at or having a relatively small elevation or upward extension; "low ceilings"; "low clouds"; "low hills"; "the sun is low"; "low furniture"; "a low bow") 3. (11) low, low-toned -- (very low in volume; "a low murmur"; "the low-toned murmur of the surf") 4. (6) low -- (unrefined in character; "low comedy") 5. (4) low, low-pitched -- (used of sounds and voices; low in pitch or frequency) 6. (3) abject, low, low-down, miserable, scummy, scurvy -- (of the most contemptible kind; "abject cowardice"; "a low stunt to pull"; "a low-down sneak"; "his miserable treatment of his family"; "You miserable skunk!"; "a scummy rabble"; "a scurvy trick") 7. humble, low, lowly, modest, small -- (low or inferior in station or quality; "a humble cottage"; "a lowly parish priest"; "a modest man of the people"; "small beginnings") 8. depleted, low -- (no longer sufficient; "supplies are low"; "our funds are depleted") 9. broken, crushed, humbled, humiliated, low -- (subdued or brought low in condition or status; "brought low"; "a broken man"; "his broken spirit") 10. gloomy, grim, blue, depressed, dispirited, down, downcast, downhearted, down in the mouth, low, low-spirited -- (filled with melancholy and despondency ; "gloomy at the thought of what he had to face"; "gloomy predictions"; "a gloomy silence"; "took a grim view of the economy"; "the darkening mood"; "lonely and blue in a strange city"; "depressed by the loss of his job"; "a dispirited and resigned expression on her face"; "downcast after his defeat"; "feeling discouraged and downhearted") Overview of adv low The adv low has 1 sense (first 1 from tagged texts) 1. (3) low -- (in a low position; near the ground; "the branches hung low") --- WordNet end ---