ELIZA

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288686 occurrences (No.85 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

56) At month 3, PD was significantly lower in groups A (2.9 ± 1.1 mm; p = 0.04) and B (2.8 ± 1.1 mm; p = 0.03) compared to group C (3.5 ± 1.2 mm).

--- ABSTRACT ---

PMID:23660738 DOI:10.1007/s10103-013-1337-y

2015 Lasers in medical science

* Single or repeated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as adjunct to ultrasonic debridement in residual periodontal pockets: clinical, microbiological, and local biological effects.

- This study aims to assess in residual periodontal pockets the clinical, microbiological, and local biological effects of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT), delivered after ultrasonic instrumentation either once or twice in a 1-week interval. A single center, three-arm randomized longitudinal study was carried out for 6 months. Twenty-eight systemically healthy patients on periodontal maintenance with residual pockets (pocket depth (PD) ≥5 mm, clinical attachment loss ≥2 mm, and bleeding upon probing (BOP+)) were included. Residual pockets on three teeth, separated from each other by at least two other teeth, served as study sites. After ultrasonic debridement, they were randomly assigned to either PDT delivered twice within 1 week (group A), PDT delivered only once (group B), or sham treatment without activating the laser (group C). Methylene blue was applied with a blunt irrigator tip into the pockets. Sites were irradiated with laser light at a wavelength of 670 nm using a light-diffusing tip introduced into the pocket. Initial PD was 5.9 ± 0.9, 6.3 ± 1.3, and 6.3 ± 1.5 mm in groups A, B, and C, respectively, differences being nonsignificant. PD was significantly reduced in all groups. At month 3, PD was significantly lower in groups A (2.9 ± 1.1 mm; p = 0.04) and B (2.8 ± 1.1 mm; p = 0.03) compared to group C (3.5 ± 1.2 mm). At month 6, none of the sites in group A had persisting pockets PD >4 mm and BOP+, whereas two sites in group B and four sites in group C stayed in this category. Detection frequencies of the studied microorganisms at >1,000 and >100.000 cells/ml did not change significantly from baseline to months 3 or 6 in any group. A significant overall decrease was observed from baseline to month 6 for C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, fibrinogen, procalcitonin, and α-2 macroglobulin. When looking at the groups separately, C-reactive protein was significantly lower only if the laser had been activated twice (p < 0.05). Other differences between groups were not significant. A single or double episodes of PDT had some additional benefit over ultrasonic instrumentation alone.

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(1)38 than	(19)4 incidence	(37)3 socioeconomic	(55)2 expression
(2)35 in	(20)4 leg	(38)3 stresses	(56)2 eyelid
(3)19 levels	(21)4 spine	(39)3 values	(57)2 eyelids
(4)12 extremity	(22)4 total	(40)2 Condom	(58)2 frequencies
(5)11 risk	(23)3 (P	(41)2 EI	(59)2 frequency
(6)7 compared	(24)3 null	(42)2 IQ	(60)2 likelihood
(7)7 level	(25)3 ASM/wt	(43)2 abdominal	(61)2 limit
(8)7 limb	(26)3 education	(44)2 among	(62)2 microleakage
(9)5 at	(27)3 educational	(45)2 back	(63)2 perceived
(10)5 for	(28)3 extremities,	(46)2 birthweight	(64)2 percentage
(11)5 limbs	(29)3 heart	(47)2 bounds	(65)2 quality
(12)5 the	(30)3 initial	(48)2 by	(66)2 rate
(13)4 and	(31)3 legs	(49)2 complication	(67)2 resilience
(14)4 body	(32)3 mean	(50)2 concentration	(68)2 serum
(15)4 cervical	(33)3 odds	(51)2 concentrations	(69)2 shear
(16)4 dose	(34)3 prevalence	(52)2 demineralization
(17)4 doses	(35)3 probability	(53)2 esophageal
(18)4 extremities	(36)3 sexual	(54)2 estimated

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--- WordNet output for lower --- =>1.低くする/なる, 下げる/下がる, 卑しめる, 2.しかめっ面, 3.lowの比較級 Overview of noun lower The noun lower has 1 sense (no senses from tagged texts) 1. lower berth, lower -- (the lower of two berths) Overview of verb lower The verb lower has 5 senses (first 3 from tagged texts) 1. (15) lower, take down, let down, get down, bring down -- (move something or somebody to a lower position; "take down the vase from the shelf") 2. (6) lower, lour -- (set lower; "lower a rating"; "lower expectations") 3. (1) turn down, lower, lour -- (make lower or quieter; "turn down the volume of a radio") 4. lower, depress -- (cause to drop or sink; "The lack of rain had depressed the water level in the reservoir") 5. frown, glower, lour, lower -- (look angry or sullen, wrinkle one's forehead, as if to signal disapproval) Overview of adj low The adj low has 10 senses (first 6 from tagged texts) 1. (55) low -- (less than normal in degree or intensity or amount; "low prices"; "the reservoir is low") 2. (23) low -- (literal meanings; being at or having a relatively small elevation or upward extension; "low ceilings"; "low clouds"; "low hills"; "the sun is low"; "low furniture"; "a low bow") 3. (11) low, low-toned -- (very low in volume; "a low murmur"; "the low-toned murmur of the surf") 4. (6) low -- (unrefined in character; "low comedy") 5. (4) low, low-pitched -- (used of sounds and voices; low in pitch or frequency) 6. (3) abject, low, low-down, miserable, scummy, scurvy -- (of the most contemptible kind; "abject cowardice"; "a low stunt to pull"; "a low-down sneak"; "his miserable treatment of his family"; "You miserable skunk!"; "a scummy rabble"; "a scurvy trick") 7. humble, low, lowly, modest, small -- (low or inferior in station or quality; "a humble cottage"; "a lowly parish priest"; "a modest man of the people"; "small beginnings") 8. depleted, low -- (no longer sufficient; "supplies are low"; "our funds are depleted") 9. broken, crushed, humbled, humiliated, low -- (subdued or brought low in condition or status; "brought low"; "a broken man"; "his broken spirit") 10. gloomy, grim, blue, depressed, dispirited, down, downcast, downhearted, down in the mouth, low, low-spirited -- (filled with melancholy and despondency ; "gloomy at the thought of what he had to face"; "gloomy predictions"; "a gloomy silence"; "took a grim view of the economy"; "the darkening mood"; "lonely and blue in a strange city"; "depressed by the loss of his job"; "a dispirited and resigned expression on her face"; "downcast after his defeat"; "feeling discouraged and downhearted") --- WordNet end ---