ELIZA cgi-bash version rev. 1.90
- Medical English LInking keywords finder for the PubMed Zipped Archive (ELIZA) -

return kwic search for lower out of >500 occurrences
288686 occurrences (No.85 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found
69) The total myofibroblast content was lower in the experimental group than in the control group; however, this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.32).
--- ABSTRACT ---
PMID:23851370 DOI:10.1097/SAP.0b013e318295de95
2015 Annals of plastic surgery
* Botulinum toxin A affects early capsule formation around silicone implants in a rat model.
- Capsular contracture is one of the most common complications resulting from implants placed during mammoplasty and rhinoplasty, and there is no definitive solution or a method for preventing it. Recent reports suggest that botulinum toxin A (BoTA) is effective at reducing keloid scars clinically. Peri-implant capsules are histologically similar to keloid scars and hypertrophic scars. Therefore, we hypothesized that BoTA may reduce peri-implant capsule formation.To test our hypothesis, we divided 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats into an experiment group and a control group. We created two 15 × 15-mm subpanniculus pockets in each rat. Botulinum toxin A (0.5 mL; 5 U) was injected into the carnosa layer of the experimental group's pockets and 0.5 mL normal saline was similarly injected in the control group. Hemispherical silicone implants, 15 mm in diameter, were inserted into the pockets. After 6 weeks, the peri-implant capsule was excised and examined by histologic evaluation, immunohistochemical stain, scanning electron microscope, and real-time polymerase chain reaction.Capsular thickness, number of inflammatory cells, number of vessels, and transforming growth factor β1 expression were reduced in the experimental group compared to the control group (P < 0.01). The experimental group's collagen pattern was loose and well organized. The total myofibroblast content was lower in the experimental group than in the control group; however, this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.32). Additionally, the experimental group had a smaller fibrosis index than the control group (P < 0.05).Our results suggest that BoTA may provide an alternative treatment for reducing capsule formation and preventing contracture, and further studies may reveal the mechanism of action.
--- ABSTRACT END ---
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(1)38 than (19)4 incidence (37)3 socioeconomic (55)2 expression
(2)35 in (20)4 leg (38)3 stresses (56)2 eyelid
(3)19 levels (21)4 spine (39)3 values (57)2 eyelids
(4)12 extremity (22)4 total (40)2 Condom (58)2 frequencies
(5)11 risk (23)3 (P (41)2 EI (59)2 frequency
(6)7 compared (24)3 *null* (42)2 IQ (60)2 likelihood
(7)7 level (25)3 ASM/wt (43)2 abdominal (61)2 limit
(8)7 limb (26)3 education (44)2 among (62)2 microleakage
(9)5 at (27)3 educational (45)2 back (63)2 perceived
(10)5 for (28)3 extremities, (46)2 birthweight (64)2 percentage
(11)5 limbs (29)3 heart (47)2 bounds (65)2 quality
(12)5 the (30)3 initial (48)2 by (66)2 rate
(13)4 and (31)3 legs (49)2 complication (67)2 resilience
(14)4 body (32)3 mean (50)2 concentration (68)2 serum
(15)4 cervical (33)3 odds (51)2 concentrations (69)2 shear
(16)4 dose (34)3 prevalence (52)2 demineralization
(17)4 doses (35)3 probability (53)2 esophageal
(18)4 extremities (36)3 sexual (54)2 estimated

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--- WordNet output for lower --- =>1.低くする/なる, 下げる/下がる, 卑しめる, 2.しかめっ面, 3.lowの比較級 Overview of noun lower The noun lower has 1 sense (no senses from tagged texts) 1. lower berth, lower -- (the lower of two berths) Overview of verb lower The verb lower has 5 senses (first 3 from tagged texts) 1. (15) lower, take down, let down, get down, bring down -- (move something or somebody to a lower position; "take down the vase from the shelf") 2. (6) lower, lour -- (set lower; "lower a rating"; "lower expectations") 3. (1) turn down, lower, lour -- (make lower or quieter; "turn down the volume of a radio") 4. lower, depress -- (cause to drop or sink; "The lack of rain had depressed the water level in the reservoir") 5. frown, glower, lour, lower -- (look angry or sullen, wrinkle one's forehead, as if to signal disapproval) Overview of adj low The adj low has 10 senses (first 6 from tagged texts) 1. (55) low -- (less than normal in degree or intensity or amount; "low prices"; "the reservoir is low") 2. (23) low -- (literal meanings; being at or having a relatively small elevation or upward extension; "low ceilings"; "low clouds"; "low hills"; "the sun is low"; "low furniture"; "a low bow") 3. (11) low, low-toned -- (very low in volume; "a low murmur"; "the low-toned murmur of the surf") 4. (6) low -- (unrefined in character; "low comedy") 5. (4) low, low-pitched -- (used of sounds and voices; low in pitch or frequency) 6. (3) abject, low, low-down, miserable, scummy, scurvy -- (of the most contemptible kind; "abject cowardice"; "a low stunt to pull"; "a low-down sneak"; "his miserable treatment of his family"; "You miserable skunk!"; "a scummy rabble"; "a scurvy trick") 7. humble, low, lowly, modest, small -- (low or inferior in station or quality; "a humble cottage"; "a lowly parish priest"; "a modest man of the people"; "small beginnings") 8. depleted, low -- (no longer sufficient; "supplies are low"; "our funds are depleted") 9. broken, crushed, humbled, humiliated, low -- (subdued or brought low in condition or status; "brought low"; "a broken man"; "his broken spirit") 10. gloomy, grim, blue, depressed, dispirited, down, downcast, downhearted, down in the mouth, low, low-spirited -- (filled with melancholy and despondency ; "gloomy at the thought of what he had to face"; "gloomy predictions"; "a gloomy silence"; "took a grim view of the economy"; "the darkening mood"; "lonely and blue in a strange city"; "depressed by the loss of his job"; "a dispirited and resigned expression on her face"; "downcast after his defeat"; "feeling discouraged and downhearted") --- WordNet end ---