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72) Recent progress in generating mouse models with differential ablation of the polysialyltransferases or NCAM revealed the dramatic impact of polysialic acid-negative NCAM on brain development and elaborate electrophysiological studies allowed for new insights into the role of polysialic acid in regulating synaptic plasticity and learning.
* Polysialic Acid in Brain Development and Synaptic Plasticity.
- Polymers of sialic acid can be produced by pro- and eukaryotic cells. In vertebrates polysialic acid consists of α2,8-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid and is most prominent during nervous system development. Polysialic acid is produced by two complementary sialyltransferases, ST8SiaII and ST8SiaIV. The major, but not the only, carrier of polysialic acid is the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). In this review we highlight how polySia dictates the interactions of various cell types during development and plasticity of the vertebrate central nervous system on different molecular levels. Recent progress in generating mouse models with differential ablation of the polysialyltransferases or NCAM revealed the dramatic impact of polysialic acid-negative NCAM on brain development and elaborate electrophysiological studies allowed for new insights into the role of polysialic acid in regulating synaptic plasticity and learning. The implications of dysregulated polysialylation for brain disease and neuropsychiatric disorders are discussed.
=>新発見の, 新しい, 現代的な, 新参の
Overview of adj new
The adj new has 11 senses (first 5 from tagged texts)
1. (310) new -- (not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been
made or acquired or discovered; "a new law"; "new cars"; "a new comet"; "a new friend"; "a new
year"; "the New World")
2. (36) fresh, new, novel -- (original and of a kind not seen before; "the computer produced a
completely novel proof of a well-known theorem")
3. (11) raw, new -- (lacking training or experience; "the new men were eager to fight"; "raw
recruits")
4. (5) new, unexampled -- (having no previous example or precedent or parallel; "a time of
unexampled prosperity")
5. (3) new -- (other than the former one(s); different; "they now have a new leaders"; "my new car
is four years old but has only 15,000 miles on it"; "ready to take a new direction")
6. new -- (unaffected by use or exposure; "it looks like new")
7. newfangled, new -- ((of a new kind or fashion) gratuitously new; "newfangled ideas"; "she buys
all these new-fangled machines and never uses them")
8. New -- (in use after medieval times; "New Eqyptian was the language of the 18th to 21st
dynasties")
9. Modern, New -- (used of a living language; being the current stage in its development; "Modern
English"; "New Hebrew is Israeli Hebrew")
10. new, young -- ((of crops) harvested at an early stage of development; before complete maturity;
"new potatoes"; "young corn")
11. new -- (unfamiliar; "new experiences"; "experiences new to him"; "errors of someone new to the
job")
Overview of adv new
The adv new has 1 sense (first 1 from tagged texts)
1. (1) newly, freshly, fresh, new -- (very recently; "they are newly married"; "newly raised
objections"; "a newly arranged hairdo"; "grass new washed by the rain"; "a freshly cleaned floor";
"we are fresh out of tomatoes")
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