ELIZA

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295512 occurrences (No.81 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

374) The seasonal average change in anthropogenic heat flux (Has) estimated using Landsat & MODIS is up by around 38 W/m(2) and 62 W/m(2) respectively while higher change is observed over settlement and concrete structures.

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PMID:24360191 DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.11.034

2015 Journal of environmental management

* Assessment of land surface temperature and heat fluxes over Delhi using remote sensing data.

- Surface energy processes has an essential role in urban weather, climate and hydrosphere cycles, as well in urban heat redistribution. The research was undertaken to analyze the potential of Landsat and MODIS data in retrieving biophysical parameters in estimating land surface temperature & heat fluxes diurnally in summer and winter seasons of years 2000 and 2010 and understanding its effect on anthropogenic heat disturbance over Delhi and surrounding region. Results show that during years 2000-2010, settlement and industrial area increased from 5.66 to 11.74% and 4.92 to 11.87% respectively which in turn has direct effect on land surface temperature (LST) and heat fluxes including anthropogenic heat flux. Based on the energy balance model for land surface, a method to estimate the increase in anthropogenic heat flux (Has) has been proposed. The settlement and industrial areas has higher amounts of energy consumed and has high values of Has in all seasons. The comparison of satellite derived LST with that of field measured values show that Landsat estimated values are in close agreement within error of ±2 °C than MODIS with an error of ±3 °C. It was observed that, during 2000 and 2010, the average change in surface temperature using Landsat over settlement & industrial areas of both seasons is 1.4 °C & for MODIS data is 3.7 °C. The seasonal average change in anthropogenic heat flux (Has) estimated using Landsat & MODIS is up by around 38 W/m(2) and 62 W/m(2) respectively while higher change is observed over settlement and concrete structures. The study reveals that the dynamic range of Has values has increased in the 10 year period due to the strong anthropogenic influence over the area. The study showed that anthropogenic heat flux is an indicator of the strength of urban heat island effect, and can be used to quantify the magnitude of the urban heat island effect.

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[frequency of next (right) word to over]

(1)145 the	(8)6 their	(15)3 four	(22)2 40
(2)70 time	(9)4 6	(16)3 longer	(23)2 OP
(3)67 a	(10)4 in	(17)3 other	(24)2 another
(4)12 time,	(11)3 1	(18)3 placebo	(25)2 collagen)
(5)9 of	(12)3 12	(19)2 2	(26)2 left
(6)7 and	(13)3 24	(20)2 30	(27)2 long
(7)6 an	(14)3 65	(21)2 4	(28)2 settlement

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--- WordNet output for over --- =>1.超えて, 一面に, 移って, 始めから終わりまで, 終わって, を支配して, の間, しながら, 倒れて, の上に, を覆って, を越えて, の向こう側に, より多く, 2.もう一度, 繰り返して Overview of noun over The noun over has 1 sense (no senses from tagged texts) 1. over -- ((cricket) the division of play during which six balls are bowled at the batsman by one player from the other team from the same end of the pitch) Overview of adj over The adj over has 1 sense (first 1 from tagged texts) 1. (21) complete, concluded, ended, over, all over, terminated -- (having come or been brought to a conclusion; "the harvesting was complete"; "the affair is over, ended, finished"; "the abruptly terminated interview") Overview of adv over The adv over has 5 senses (first 3 from tagged texts) 1. (23) over -- (at or to a point across intervening space etc.; "come over and see us some time"; "over there") 2. (2) over -- (throughout an area; "he is known the world over") 3. (1) over, o'er -- (throughout a period of time; "stay over the weekend") 4. over -- (beyond the top or upper surface or edge; forward from an upright position; "a roof that hangs over";) 5. all over, over -- (over the entire area; "the wallpaper was covered all over with flowers"; "she ached all over"; "everything was dusted over with a fine layer of soot") --- WordNet end ---