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286534 occurrences (No.87 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [cache]

321) The high level of melatonin at 10(-3) M adversely affected the in vitro development rates of embryos recovered at 48 h post-insemination (52 versus 86, 87 and 80% blastocyst rate; 28 versus 66, 78 and 59% hatchability rate for 10(-3) M versus 10(-9) M, 10(-6) M and control, respectively, P< 0.05).

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PMID:23985360 DOI:10.1017/S0967199413000415

2015 Zygote (Cambridge, England)

* In vitro development rate of preimplantation rabbit embryos cultured with different levels of melatonin.

- This study aimed to investigate the effect of melatonin supplementation at different levels in culture medium on embryo development in rabbits. Embryos of 2-4 cells, 8-16 cells and morula stages were recovered from nulliparous Red Baladi rabbit does by laparotomy technique 24, 48 and 72 h post-insemination, respectively. Normal embryos from each stage were cultured to hatched blastocyst stages in either control culture medium (TCM-199 + 20% fetal bovine serum) or control supplemented with melatonin at 10(-3) M, 10(-6) M or 10(-9) M. No effect of melatonin was found on development of embryos recovered at 24 h post-insemination. The high level of melatonin at 10(-3) M adversely affected the in vitro development rates of embryos recovered at 48 h post-insemination (52 versus 86, 87 and 80% blastocyst rate; 28 versus 66, 78 and 59% hatchability rate for 10(-3) M versus 10(-9) M, 10(-6) M and control, respectively, P< 0.05). At the morula stage, melatonin at 10-3 M significantly increased the in vitro development of embryos (92% for 10(-3) M versus 76% for control, P < 0.05), while the hatchability rate of these embryos was not improved by melatonin (16-30% versus 52% for melatonin groups versus control, P < 0.05). Results show that a moderate level of melatonin (10(-6) M) may improve the development and hatchability rates of preimplantation rabbit embryos. The addition of melatonin at a 10-3 M concentration enhances the development of rabbit morulae but may negatively affect the development of earlier embryos. More studies are needed to optimize the use of melatonin in in vitro embryo culture in rabbits.

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(1)163 of	(9)7 to	(17)3 were	(25)2 may
(2)56 was	(10)6 at	(18)3 without	(26)2 or
(3)44 and	(11)4 as	(19)2 (HR)	(27)2 per
(4)34 null	(12)4 from	(20)2 =	(28)2 product
(5)14 in	(13)4 variability	(21)2 by	(29)2 step
(6)9 is	(14)3 after	(22)2 compared	(30)2 that
(7)8 for	(15)3 coding	(23)2 due	(31)2 under
(8)7 than	(16)3 ranged	(24)2 enzyme	(32)2 which

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--- WordNet output for rate --- =>価格を評定する, 割合, 率, 歩合, 料金, 値段, 相場, 速度, 度合, 人を〜を思う, みなす, 価値がある, 人を〜とみなす, 科金, 評価する Overview of noun rate The noun rate has 4 senses (first 3 from tagged texts) 1. (68) rate -- (a magnitude or frequency relative to a time unit; "they traveled at a rate of 55 miles per hour"; "the rate of change was faster than expected") 2. (39) rate, charge per unit -- (amount of a charge or payment relative to some basis; "a 10-minute phone call at that rate would cost $5") 3. (1) pace, rate -- (the relative speed of progress or change; "he lived at a fast pace"; "he works at a great rate"; "the pace of events accelerated") 4. rate -- (a quantity or amount or measure considered as a proportion of another quantity or amount or measure; "the literacy rate"; "the retention rate"; "the dropout rate") Overview of verb rate The verb rate has 3 senses (first 3 from tagged texts) 1. (9) rate, rank, range, order, grade, place -- (assign a rank or rating to; "how would you rank these students?"; "The restaurant is rated highly in the food guide") 2. (2) rate -- (be worthy of or have a certain rating; "This bond rates highly") 3. (1) rate, value -- (estimate the value of; "How would you rate his chances to become President?"; "Gold was rated highly among the Romans") --- WordNet end ---