ELIZA cgi-bash version rev. 1.90
- Medical English LInking keywords finder for the PubMed Zipped Archive (ELIZA) -

return kwic search for reduced out of >500 occurrences
290904 occurrences (No.84 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found
89) After 6 weeks, the peri-implant capsule was excised and examined by histologic evaluation, immunohistochemical stain, scanning electron microscope, and real-time polymerase chain reaction.Capsular thickness, number of inflammatory cells, number of vessels, and transforming growth factor β1 expression were reduced in the experimental group compared to the control group (P < 0.01).
--- ABSTRACT ---
PMID:23851370 DOI:10.1097/SAP.0b013e318295de95
2015 Annals of plastic surgery
* Botulinum toxin A affects early capsule formation around silicone implants in a rat model.
- Capsular contracture is one of the most common complications resulting from implants placed during mammoplasty and rhinoplasty, and there is no definitive solution or a method for preventing it. Recent reports suggest that botulinum toxin A (BoTA) is effective at reducing keloid scars clinically. Peri-implant capsules are histologically similar to keloid scars and hypertrophic scars. Therefore, we hypothesized that BoTA may reduce peri-implant capsule formation.To test our hypothesis, we divided 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats into an experiment group and a control group. We created two 15 × 15-mm subpanniculus pockets in each rat. Botulinum toxin A (0.5 mL; 5 U) was injected into the carnosa layer of the experimental group's pockets and 0.5 mL normal saline was similarly injected in the control group. Hemispherical silicone implants, 15 mm in diameter, were inserted into the pockets. After 6 weeks, the peri-implant capsule was excised and examined by histologic evaluation, immunohistochemical stain, scanning electron microscope, and real-time polymerase chain reaction.Capsular thickness, number of inflammatory cells, number of vessels, and transforming growth factor β1 expression were reduced in the experimental group compared to the control group (P < 0.01). The experimental group's collagen pattern was loose and well organized. The total myofibroblast content was lower in the experimental group than in the control group; however, this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.32). Additionally, the experimental group had a smaller fibrosis index than the control group (P < 0.05).Our results suggest that BoTA may provide an alternative treatment for reducing capsule formation and preventing contracture, and further studies may reveal the mechanism of action.
--- ABSTRACT END ---
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(1)66 the (12)4 activity (24)2 among (35)2 interhemispheric
(2)30 in (13)4 both (25)2 availability (36)2 it
(3)23 by (14)4 cell (26)2 blood (37)2 likelihood
(4)13 *null* (16)3 ability (27)2 but (38)2 number
(5)13 to (17)3 after (28)2 compared (39)2 rates
(6)10 glutathione (18)3 binding (29)2 effortful (40)2 stem
(7)8 and (19)3 or (30)2 ejection (41)2 total
(8)8 expression (20)3 risk (31)2 following (42)2 tumor
(9)5 levels (21)3 sensitivity (32)2 from (43)2 which
(10)5 significantly (22)2 (P (33)2 glutathione,
(11)4 PGE2 (23)2 BRCA-1 (34)2 hippocampal

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--- WordNet output for reduced --- =>貧しい暮らし, 落ちぶれた生活 Overview of verb reduce The verb reduce has 20 senses (first 11 from tagged texts) 1. (102) reduce, cut down, cut back, trim, trim down, trim back, cut, bring down -- (cut down on; make a reduction in; "reduce your daily fat intake"; "The employer wants to cut back health benefits") 2. (9) reduce -- (make less complex; "reduce a problem to a single question") 3. (5) reduce -- (bring to humbler or weaker state or condition; "He reduced the population to slavery") 4. (3) reduce -- (simplify the form of a mathematical equation of expression by substituting one term for another) 5. (3) reduce -- (lower in grade or rank or force somebody into an undignified situation; "She reduced her niece to a servant") 6. (3) reduce, come down, boil down -- (be the essential element; "The proposal boils down to a compromise") 7. (2) shrink, reduce -- (reduce in size; reduce physically; "Hot water will shrink the sweater"; "Can you shrink this image?") 8. (1) reduce -- (lessen and make more modest; "reduce one's standard of living") 9. (1) reduce, scale down -- (make smaller; "reduce an image") 10. (1) deoxidize, deoxidise, reduce -- (to remove oxygen from a compound, or cause to react with hydrogen or form a hydride, or to undergo an increase in the number of electrons) 11. (1) reduce, tighten -- (narrow or limit; "reduce the influx of foreigners") 12. repress, quash, keep down, subdue, subjugate, reduce -- (put down by force or intimidation; "The government quashes any attempt of an uprising"; "China keeps down her dissidents very efficiently"; "The rich landowners subjugated the peasants working the land") 13. reduce -- (undergo meiosis; "The cells reduce") 14. reduce -- (reposition (a broken bone after surgery) back to its normal site) 15. reduce -- (destress and thus weaken a sound when pronouncing it) 16. abridge, foreshorten, abbreviate, shorten, cut, contract, reduce -- (reduce in scope while retaining essential elements; "The manuscript must be shortened") 17. boil down, reduce, decoct, concentrate -- (be cooked until very little liquid is left; "The sauce should reduce to one cup") 18. reduce, boil down, concentrate -- (cook until very little liquid is left; "The cook reduced the sauce by boiling it for a long time") 19. dilute, thin, thin out, reduce, cut -- (lessen the strength or flavor of a solution or mixture; "cut bourbon") 20. reduce, melt off, lose weight, slim, slenderize, thin, slim down -- (take off weight) Overview of adj reduced The adj reduced has 2 senses (first 2 from tagged texts) 1. (6) decreased, reduced -- (made less in size or amount or degree) 2. (1) reduced, rock-bottom -- (well below normal (especially in price)) --- WordNet end ---