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324965 occurrences (No.62 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [cache]
197) Outbreak investigations revealed that whilst poor biosecurity of domestic pig operations was often reported, direct contact resulting in transmission between free-living and domestic pigs was rarely reported.
* A scoping review of African swine fever virus spread between domestic and free-living pigs.
- Since 2007, African swine fever virus (ASFV) has spread to countries in Europe, Asia and Oceania and has caused devastating impacts on pigs and the pork industry. Transmission can be direct or indirect, and epidemiologic scenarios have been described in which spread occurs between free-living and domestic pigs. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify primary research in which authors made statements to support ASFV transmission between free-living and domestic pigs and assess the circumstances in which transmission events occurred. A search was conducted in five bibliographic databases and the grey literature. Two reviewers (from a team of ten) independently screened each record and charted data (demographics of the pig populations, their husbandry [domestic pigs] and habitat [free-living pigs], the spatial and temporal distribution of ASF, the occurrence or burden of ASF in the populations, and whether ticks were present in the geographic range of the pig populations). Data synthesis included statistics and a narrative summary. From 1,349 records screened, data were charted from 46 individual studies published from 1985 to 2020. Outbreak investigations revealed that whilst poor biosecurity of domestic pig operations was often reported, direct contact resulting in transmission between free-living and domestic pigs was rarely reported. Studies in which quantitative associations were made generally found that spread within populations was more important than spread between populations, although this was not always the case, particularly when domestic pigs were free-ranging. We conclude that there is limited evidence that transmission of ASFV between free-living and domestic pigs is an important feature of ASF epidemiology, especially in the current ASF epidemic in Europe and the Russian Federation. If ASFV elimination cannot be achieved in free-living pigs, compartmentalization of domestic pig populations from free-living populations via biosecurity strategies could be used to support trade of domestic pigs.
Overview of verb reveal
The verb reveal has 3 senses (first 2 from tagged texts)
1. (34) uncover, bring out, unveil, reveal -- (make visible; "Summer brings out bright clothes"; "He
brings out the best in her")
2. (17) unwrap, disclose, let on, bring out, reveal, discover, expose, divulge, break, give away,
let out -- (make known to the public information that was previously known only to a few people or
that was meant to be kept a secret; "The auction house would not disclose the price at which the van
Gogh had sold"; "The actress won't reveal how old she is"; "bring out the truth"; "he broke the news
to her"; "unwrap the evidence in the murder case")
3. reveal -- (disclose directly or through prophets; "God rarely reveal his plans for Mankind")
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