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421954 occurrences (No.40 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

265) Cannabis has been implicated as a risk factor for the development of schizophrenia, but the exact biological mechanisms remain unclear.

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PMID:23491968 DOI:10.3371/CSRP.SHJO.030813

2015 Clinical schizophrenia & related psychoses

* Pathways to psychosis in cannabis abuse.

- Cannabis has been implicated as a risk factor for the development of schizophrenia, but the exact biological mechanisms remain unclear. In this review, we attempt to understand the neurobiological pathways that link cannabis use to schizophrenia. This has been an area of great debate; despite similarities between cannabis users and schizophrenia patients, the evidence is not sufficient to establish cause-and-effect. There have been advances in the understanding of the mechanisms of cannabis dependence as well as the role of the cannabinoid system in the development of psychosis and schizophrenia. The neurobiological mechanisms associated with the development of psychosis and effects from cannabis use may be similar but remain elusive. In order to better understand these associations, this paper will show common neurobiological and neuroanatomical changes as well as common cognitive dysfunction in cannabis users and patients of schizophrenia. We conclude that epidemiologic evidence highlights potential causal links; however, neurobiological evidence for causality remains weak.

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(1)138 of	(9)9 in	(17)4 factors,	(25)2 managers
(2)72 factors	(10)7 group	(18)4 stratification	(26)2 mortality
(3)40 for	(11)6 ratio	(19)4 was	(27)2 perception
(4)24 factor	(12)5 behavior	(20)3 groups	(28)2 rates
(5)23 and	(13)5 is	(21)3 infants	(29)2 the
(6)16 null	(14)5 patients	(22)2 among
(7)13 assessment	(15)5 to	(23)2 during
(8)10 score	(16)4 areas	(24)2 estimators

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--- WordNet output for risk --- =>1.損害の恐れ, 危険, 冒険, リスク, 2.危険にさらす, 3.敢えてする, 被保険者, 被保険物, 危険にさらす, 賭けてみる Overview of noun risk The noun risk has 4 senses (first 2 from tagged texts) 1. (4) hazard, jeopardy, peril, risk, endangerment -- (a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune; "drinking alcohol is a health hazard") 2. (2) risk, peril, danger -- (a venture undertaken without regard to possible loss or injury; "he saw the rewards but not the risks of crime"; "there was a danger he would do the wrong thing") 3. risk, risk of infection -- (the probability of becoming infected given that exposure to an infectious agent has occurred) 4. risk, risk of exposure -- (the probability of being exposed to an infectious agent) Overview of verb risk The verb risk has 2 senses (first 2 from tagged texts) 1. (8) risk, put on the line, lay on the line -- (expose to a chance of loss or damage; "We risked losing a lot of money in this venture"; "Why risk your life?"; "She laid her job on the line when she told the boss that he was wrong") 2. (2) gamble, chance, risk, hazard, take chances, adventure, run a risk, take a chance -- (take a risk in the hope of a favorable outcome; "When you buy these stocks you are gambling") --- WordNet end ---