ELIZA

return kwic search for system out of >500 occurrences
331253 occurrences (No.58 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [cache]

311) In summary, we thought the low-dose ATZ has a slight effect on the immune system; it can be preliminarily concluded that the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) of atrazine is 23 mg/kg BW in mice.

--- ABSTRACT ---

PMID:33728608 DOI:10.1007/s11356-021-13360-4

2021 Environmental science and pollution research international

* Toxic effects of atrazine on immune function in BALB/c mice.

- This study was aimed to evaluate the toxic effects of different concentrations (23, 90, 360 mg/kg BW) of atrazine (ATZ) on immune function in BALB/c mice. Some parameters of general immunotoxicity, humoral immunity, cellular immunity, and non-specific immunity were tested. The studies showed that the high-dose ATZ induced a significant reduction in the final body weight of mice, the absolute and relative weights of spleen, the counts of white blood cell (WBC), lymphocyte (LYM), monocyte (MON), and the number of splenocyte. An increase in the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and cholesterol (CHO) in the high-dose ATZ group was observed. Pathological examination showed that the medium- and high-doses of ATZ caused atrophy and destruction of thymus, spleen, and hepatorenal toxicity. The serum interleukin-5(IL-5) level of mice and the number of plaque-forming cell (PFC) in spleen cells in the high-dose ATZ group decreased significantly while there was a significant increase of the serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the high-dose ATZ group when compared to the negative control group. In the high-dose ATZ group, the proliferation ability of T and B lymphocytes as well as the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response were significantly decreased. The low-dose ATZ (23 mg/kg BW) caused a significant decrease in the number of WBC and neutrophil (NEUT), as well as the proportion of polychromatic and normoblast. In summary, we thought the low-dose ATZ has a slight effect on the immune system; it can be preliminarily concluded that the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) of atrazine is 23 mg/kg BW in mice. Atrazine can cause immunotoxicity mainly through cellular and humoral immunity pathways.

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[frequency of next (right) word to system]

(1)71 null	(13)6 the	(25)3 incorporating	(37)2 being
(2)44 and	(14)6 which	(26)3 level	(38)2 but
(3)17 is	(15)5 has	(27)3 may	(39)2 devices
(4)17 to	(16)4 by	(28)3 using	(40)2 especially
(5)12 for	(17)4 should	(29)3 we	(41)2 genes
(6)12 in	(18)4 were	(30)2 (CNS),	(42)2 identified
(7)12 of	(19)4 with	(31)2 (ECS)	(43)2 including
(8)7 are	(20)3 as	(32)2 (GIS)	(44)2 it
(9)7 that	(21)3 barriers	(33)2 (SNS)	(45)2 levels
(10)7 was	(22)3 can	(34)2 Online	(46)2 remains
(11)6 (CNS)	(23)3 could	(35)2 acts	(47)2 seems
(12)6 group	(24)3 factors	(36)2 becomes	(48)2 throughout

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--- WordNet output for system --- =>制度組織体系的方式, システム, 組織, 整然とした手順, (思想などの)体系, 体制 Overview of noun system The noun system has 9 senses (first 8 from tagged texts) 1. (43) system -- (instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity; "he bought a new stereo system"; "the system consists of a motor and a small computer") 2. (23) system, scheme -- (a group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole; "a vast system of production and distribution and consumption keep the country going") 3. (14) system -- ((physical chemistry) a sample of matter in which substances in different phases are in equilibrium; "in a static system oil cannot be replaced by water on a surface"; "a system generating hydrogen peroxide") 4. (10) system, system of rules -- (a complex of methods or rules governing behavior; "they have to operate under a system they oppose"; "that language has a complex system for indicating gender") 5. (8) arrangement, organization, organisation, system -- (an organized structure for arranging or classifying; "he changed the arrangement of the topics"; "the facts were familiar but it was in the organization of them that he was original"; "he tried to understand their system of classification") 6. (7) system -- (a group of physiologically or anatomically related organs or parts; "the body has a system of organs for digestion") 7. (6) system -- (a procedure or process for obtaining an objective; "they had to devise a system that did not depend on cooperation") 8. (1) system -- (the living body considered as made up of interdependent components forming a unified whole; "exercise helped him get the alcohol out of his system") 9. organization, organisation, system -- (an ordered manner; orderliness by virtue of being methodical and well organized; "his compulsive organization was not an endearing quality"; "we can't do it unless we establish some system around here") --- WordNet end ---