ELIZA

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357929 occurrences (No.51 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

21) This promising method allows us to identify more than one endocrine effect on the same HPTLC plate, which saves time and material.

--- ABSTRACT ---

PMID:33388849 DOI:10.1007/s00216-020-03095-5

2021 Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry

* High-performance thin-layer chromatography in combination with a yeast-based multi-effect bioassay to determine endocrine effects in environmental samples.

- Effect-directed analysis (EDA) that combines effect-based methods (EBMs) with high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) is a useful technique for spatial, temporal, and process-related effect evaluation and may provide a link between effect testing and responsible substance identification. In this study, a yeast multi endocrine-effect screen (YMEES) for the detection of endocrine effects is combined with HPTLC. Simultaneous detection of estrogenic, androgenic, and gestagenic effects on the HPTLC plate is achieved by mixing different genetically modified Arxula adeninivorans yeast strains, which contain either the human estrogen, androgen, or progesterone receptor. Depending on the yeast strain, different fluorescent proteins are formed when an appropriate substance binds to the specific hormone receptor. This allows to measure hormonal effects at different wavelengths. Two yeast cell application approaches, immersion and spraying, are compared. The sensitivity and reproducibility of the method are shown by dose-response investigations for reference compounds. The spraying approach indicated similar sensitivities and higher precisions for the tested hormones compared to immersion. The EC₁₀s for estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and progesterone (P4) were 95, 1.4, 10, 7.4, and 15 pg/spot, respectively. Recovery rates of E1, E2, EE2, DHT, and P4 between 88 and 120% show the usability of the general method in combination with sample enrichment by solid phase extraction (SPE). The simultaneous detection of estrogenic, androgenic, and gestagenic effects in wastewater and surface water samples demonstrates the successful application of the YMEES in such matrices. This promising method allows us to identify more than one endocrine effect on the same HPTLC plate, which saves time and material. The method could be used for comparison, evaluation, and monitoring of different river sites and wastewater treatment steps and should be tested in further studies.

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(1)48 and	(16)5 course	(31)3 inhibition	(46)2 indoors
(2)47 null	(17)5 when	(32)3 on	(47)2 interaction
(3)22 of	(18)4 TCD	(33)3 we	(48)2 interval
(4)16 in	(19)4 at	(34)2 across	(49)2 period,
(5)15 to	(20)4 curve	(35)2 after	(50)2 periods
(6)13 points	(21)4 point	(36)2 along	(51)2 points,
(7)10 the	(22)4 profiles	(37)2 between	(52)2 points:
(8)8 spent	(23)4 were	(38)2 can	(53)2 polymerase
(9)7 period	(24)4 with	(39)2 compared	(54)2 required
(10)7 that	(25)3 a	(40)2 concentration-,	(55)2 scale
(11)6 characteristics	(26)3 data	(41)2 constraints	(56)2 since
(12)6 for	(27)3 during	(42)2 cross-network	(57)2 sleepiness
(13)6 is	(28)3 frame	(43)2 functional	(58)2 using
(14)6 was	(29)3 frames	(44)2 guideline	(59)2 will
(15)5 PCR	(30)3 horizon	(45)2 inactivation

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--- WordNet output for time --- =>1.時代, 季節, 歳月, 当時, 現代, 一生, 年季, 就業時間, 期間, 時刻, 時点, 機会, 拍子, 速度, 何度, 何回, 時, 時間, 回, 2.時間[速度]を測定する, 時間を決める, (装置などの)タイミングを調節する Overview of noun time The noun time has 10 senses (first 9 from tagged texts) 1. (219) time, clip -- (an instance or single occasion for some event; "this time he succeeded"; "he called four times"; "he could do ten at a clip") 2. (160) time -- (a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something; "take time to smell the roses"; "I didn't have time to finish"; "it took more than half my time") 3. (114) time -- (an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities); "he waited a long time"; "the time of year for planting"; "he was a great actor in his time") 4. (43) time -- (a suitable moment; "it is time to go") 5. (36) time -- (the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past) 6. (10) time -- (a person's experience on a particular occasion; "he had a time holding back the tears"; "they had a good time together") 7. (7) clock time, time -- (a reading of a point in time as given by a clock; "do you know what time it is?"; "the time is 10 o'clock") 8. (5) fourth dimension, time -- (the fourth coordinate that is required (along with three spatial dimensions) to specify a physical event) 9. (1) meter, metre, time -- (rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration) 10. prison term, sentence, time -- (the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned; "he served a prison term of 15 months"; "his sentence was 5 to 10 years"; "he is doing time in the county jail") Overview of verb time The verb time has 5 senses (first 3 from tagged texts) 1. (4) clock, time -- (measure the time or duration of an event or action or the person who performs an action in a certain period of time; "he clocked the runners") 2. (3) time -- (assign a time for an activity or event; "The candidate carefully timed his appearance at the disaster scene") 3. (1) time -- (set the speed, duration, or execution of; "we time the process to manufacture our cars very precisely") 4. time -- (regulate or set the time of; "time the clock") 5. time -- (adjust so that a force is applied and an action occurs at the desired time; "The good player times his swing so as to hit the ball squarely") --- WordNet end ---