ELIZA cgi-bash version rev. 1.90
- Medical English LInking keywords finder for the PubMed Zipped Archive (ELIZA) -

return kwic search for treatment out of >500 occurrences
677804 occurrences (No.8 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found
285) Minimization lacks the randomness of treatment allocation.
--- ABSTRACT ---
PMID:22287602 DOI:10.1177/0962280212436447
2015 Statistical methods in medical research
* Minimal sufficient balance-a new strategy to balance baseline covariates and preserve randomness of treatment allocation.
- In many clinical trials, baseline covariates could affect the primary outcome. Commonly used strategies to balance baseline covariates include stratified constrained randomization and minimization. Stratification is limited to few categorical covariates. Minimization lacks the randomness of treatment allocation. Both apply only to categorical covariates. As a result, serious imbalances could occur in important baseline covariates not included in the randomization algorithm. Furthermore, randomness of treatment allocation could be significantly compromised because of the high proportion of deterministic assignments associated with stratified block randomization and minimization, potentially resulting in selection bias. Serious baseline covariate imbalances and selection biases often contribute to controversial interpretation of the trial results. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke recombinant tissue plasminogen activator Stroke Trial and the Captopril Prevention Project are two examples. In this article, we propose a new randomization strategy, termed the minimal sufficient balance randomization, which will dually prevent serious imbalances in all important baseline covariates, including both categorical and continuous types, and preserve the randomness of treatment allocation. Computer simulations are conducted using the data from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke recombinant tissue plasminogen activator Stroke Trial. Serious imbalances in four continuous and one categorical covariate are prevented with a small cost in treatment allocation randomness. A scenario of simultaneously balancing 11 baseline covariates is explored with similar promising results. The proposed minimal sufficient balance randomization algorithm can be easily implemented in computerized central randomization systems for large multicenter trials.
--- ABSTRACT END ---
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(1)101 of (14)4 showed (27)3 the (40)2 leads
(2)53 *null* (15)4 were (28)3 to (41)2 led
(3)38 with (16)3 as (29)3 without (42)2 may
(4)29 for (17)3 by (30)2 after (43)2 program
(5)23 and (18)3 cycle (31)2 also (44)2 protocols
(6)11 in (19)3 group (32)2 are (45)2 response
(7)9 was (20)3 modalities (33)2 can (46)2 schizophrenia
(8)6 groups (21)3 on (34)2 concentration (47)2 seems
(9)6 options (22)3 option (35)2 cycles (48)2 significantly
(10)5 or (23)3 outcomes (36)2 effects (49)2 strategies
(11)4 allocation (24)3 period (37)2 group,
(12)4 completion (25)3 plants (38)2 induced
(13)4 effect (26)3 success (39)2 is

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--- WordNet output for treatment --- =>1.取り扱い, 扱い, 治療, 待遇, 処理, 処置, 2.台本, シナリオ Overview of noun treatment The noun treatment has 4 senses (first 4 from tagged texts) 1. (28) treatment, intervention -- (care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury)) 2. (25) treatment, handling -- (the management of someone or something; "the handling of prisoners"; "the treatment of water sewage"; "the right to equal treatment in the criminal justice system") 3. (4) treatment -- (a manner of dealing with something artistically; "his treatment of space borrows from Italian architecture") 4. (2) discussion, treatment, discourse -- (an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic; "the book contains an excellent discussion of modal logic"; "his treatment of the race question is badly biased") --- WordNet end ---