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return kwic search for treatment out of >500 occurrences
677804 occurrences (No.8 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

329) The discharge of wastewater effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is a significant source of PFAs to the environment.

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PMID:23933955 DOI:10.1007/s11356-013-2044-8

2015 Environmental science and pollution research international

* Occurrence and fate of perfluorinated acids in two wastewater treatment plants in Shanghai, China.

- Perfluorinated acids (PFAs) have drawn much attention due to their environmental persistence, ubiquitous existence, and bioaccumulation potential. The discharge of wastewater effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is a significant source of PFAs to the environment. In this study, wastewater and sludge samples were collected from two WWTPs in Shanghai, China, to investigate the contamination level and fate of PFAs in different stages of processing. The total concentrations of PFAs (∑PFAs) in influent from plants A and B were 2,452 and 292 ng L(-1), respectively. Perfluoropentanoic acid (1,520 ± 80 ng L(-1) in plant A and 89.2 ± 12.1 ng L(-1) in plant B) was the predominant PFA in influent waters, followed by perfluorooctanoic acid. The concentration of ∑PFAs ranged from 75.0 to 126.0 ng g(-1) dry weight in sludge samples from plant B, with perfluorooctanesulfonic acid as the predominant contaminant. The concentrations and fate of PFAs in different WWTPs vary. The ∑PFAs entering plant A decreased significantly in the final effluent of activated sludge process, while that in plant B increased significantly in the final effluent of sequencing batch reactor system. The concentration changes could be due to the sorption onto sludge, or the degradation of PFAs precursors.

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(1)101 of	(14)4 showed	(27)3 the	(40)2 leads
(2)53 null	(15)4 were	(28)3 to	(41)2 led
(3)38 with	(16)3 as	(29)3 without	(42)2 may
(4)29 for	(17)3 by	(30)2 after	(43)2 program
(5)23 and	(18)3 cycle	(31)2 also	(44)2 protocols
(6)11 in	(19)3 group	(32)2 are	(45)2 response
(7)9 was	(20)3 modalities	(33)2 can	(46)2 schizophrenia
(8)6 groups	(21)3 on	(34)2 concentration	(47)2 seems
(9)6 options	(22)3 option	(35)2 cycles	(48)2 significantly
(10)5 or	(23)3 outcomes	(36)2 effects	(49)2 strategies
(11)4 allocation	(24)3 period	(37)2 group,
(12)4 completion	(25)3 plants	(38)2 induced
(13)4 effect	(26)3 success	(39)2 is

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--- WordNet output for treatment --- =>1.取り扱い, 扱い, 治療, 待遇, 処理, 処置, 2.台本, シナリオ Overview of noun treatment The noun treatment has 4 senses (first 4 from tagged texts) 1. (28) treatment, intervention -- (care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury)) 2. (25) treatment, handling -- (the management of someone or something; "the handling of prisoners"; "the treatment of water sewage"; "the right to equal treatment in the criminal justice system") 3. (4) treatment -- (a manner of dealing with something artistically; "his treatment of space borrows from Italian architecture") 4. (2) discussion, treatment, discourse -- (an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic; "the book contains an excellent discussion of modal logic"; "his treatment of the race question is badly biased") --- WordNet end ---