* [Significance of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Gastrointestinal Disorders].
- In this review we summarise the recent developments regarding the experimental and clinical use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), focusing mainly on the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Next to their relevance in the field of regenerative medicine and immunology, this population of cells has also raised great expectations for possible applications in cancer therapy. While clinical trials were able to demonstrate the efficacy of MSCs in cases of inflammatory bowel disease and degenerative conditions of the liver, controversial results have been presented regarding their antineoplastic potential in gastrointestinal tumours. MSCs can differentiate into a large variety of specialised cells. They are capable of regulating both wound healing and immune responses through paracrine and endocrine signalling. Moreover, MSCs can be transfected with a great number of different therapeutic genes - considering their ability to selectively migrate towards neoplastic tissues, this feature allows for targeted therapy of solid tumours. Transfected genes can be designed so that they are expressed exclusively in the vicinity of the tumour, eventually triggering apoptosis in cancer cells. In this review, we demonstrate the natural distribution of exogenously applied MSCs in the host. Furthermore, we mention various methods of tracking MSCs in vivo and different parameters of administration that tend to influence therapeutic outcome (e.g., origin of MSCs, mode of application, or the potency of transfected genes). Finally, this review points out the hazards of MSC therapy, emphasising the risks related to their widespread clinical use.
=>利用, 使う, 利用する, (体, 能力など)を働かす, 使用, 利用法
Overview of noun use
The noun use has 7 senses (first 6 from tagged texts)
1. (90) use, usage, utilization, utilisation, employment, exercise -- (the act of using; "he warned
against the use of narcotic drugs"; "skilled in the utilization of computers")
2. (18) function, purpose, role, use -- (what something is used for; "the function of an auger is to
bore holes"; "ballet is beautiful but what use is it?")
3. (7) use -- (a particular service; "he put his knowledge to good use"; "patrons have their uses")
4. (1) consumption, economic consumption, usance, use, use of goods and services -- ((economics) the
utilization of economic goods to satisfy needs or in manufacturing; "the consumption of energy has
increased steadily")
5. (1) habit, use -- ((psychology) an automatic pattern of behavior in reaction to a specific
situation; may be inherited or acquired through frequent repetition; "owls have nocturnal habits";
"she had a habit twirling the ends of her hair"; "long use had hardened him to it")
6. (1) manipulation, use -- (exerting shrewd or devious influence especially for one's own
advantage; "his manipulation of his friends was scandalous")
7. use, enjoyment -- ((law) the exercise of the legal right to enjoy the benefits of owning
property; "we were given the use of his boat")
Overview of verb use
The verb use has 6 senses (first 3 from tagged texts)
1. (603) use, utilize, utilise, apply, employ -- (put into service; make work or employ for a
particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose; "use your head!"; "we only use Spanish at
home"; "I can't use this tool"; "Apply a magnetic field here"; "This thinking was applied to many
projects"; "How do you utilize this tool?"; "I apply this rule to get good results"; "use the
plastic bags to store the food"; "He doesn't know how to use a computer")
2. (12) use, habituate -- (take or consume (regularly or habitually); "She uses drugs rarely")
3. (8) use, expend -- (use up, consume fully; "The legislature expended its time on school
questions")
4. use -- (seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage; "She uses her influential friends to
get jobs"; "The president's wife used her good connections")
5. practice, apply, use -- (avail oneself to; "apply a principle"; "practice a religion"; "use care
when going down the stairs"; "use your common sense"; "practice non-violent resistance")
6. use -- (habitually do something (use only in the past tense); "She used to call her mother every
week but now she calls only occasionally"; "I used to get sick when I ate in that dining hall";
"They used to vacation in the Bahamas")
--- WordNet end ---