ELIZA

return kwic search for use out of >500 occurrences
821596 occurrences (No.5 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [cache]

303) In Ghana, the cost and intermittent shortages of liquefied petroleum gas and other alternative fuel sources hold implications for the willingness of the poor to shift to their use.

--- ABSTRACT ---

PMID:24136388 DOI:10.1007/s10393-013-0883-x

2015 EcoHealth

* Indoor Air Pollution and Health in Ghana: Self-Reported Exposure to Unprocessed Solid Fuel Smoke.

- Most countries in Sub-Saharan Africa including Ghana still depend extensively on unprocessed solid cooking fuels with many people exposed on a daily basis to harmful emissions and other health risks. In this study, using complementary log-log multivariate models, we estimated the health effects of exposure to smoke from unprocessed wood in four regions of Ghana while controlling for socio-environmental and socio-demographic factors. The results show that the distribution of self-reported exposure to smoke was highest among participants in the Northern region, rural dwellers, the 25-49 age groups, individuals with no education, and married women. As expected, exposure to smoke was higher in crowded households and in communities without basic social amenities. Region, residential locality, housing quality (type of roofing, floor and exterior materials), self-reported housing condition, and access to toilet facilities were associated with self-reported exposure to solid fuel smoke. Participants living in urban areas were less likely (OR = 0.82, ρ ≤ 0.01) to be exposed to solid fuel smoke compared to their rural counterparts. An inverse relationship between self-reported housing condition and exposure to solid fuel smoke was observed and persisted even after adjustments were made for confounding variables in the demographic model. In Ghana, the cost and intermittent shortages of liquefied petroleum gas and other alternative fuel sources hold implications for the willingness of the poor to shift to their use. Thus, the poorest rural populations with nearly no cash income and electricity, but with access to wood and/or agricultural waste, are unlikely to move to clean fuels or use significantly improved stoves without large subsidies, which are usually not sustainable. However, there appears to be large populations between these extremes that can be targeted by efforts to introduce improved stoves.

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(1)263 of	(8)5 is	(15)3 by	(22)2 at
(2)34 in	(9)5 was	(16)3 it	(23)2 has
(3)24 null	(10)5 with	(17)3 these	(24)2 therapeutic
(4)24 and	(11)4 a	(18)3 were	(25)2 to
(5)8 the	(12)4 among	(19)3 when	(26)2 visual
(6)5 as	(13)3 are	(20)2 TAA
(7)5 for	(14)3 because	(21)2 acculturation,

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--- WordNet output for use --- =>利用, 使う, 利用する, (体, 能力など)を働かす, 使用, 利用法 Overview of noun use The noun use has 7 senses (first 6 from tagged texts) 1. (90) use, usage, utilization, utilisation, employment, exercise -- (the act of using; "he warned against the use of narcotic drugs"; "skilled in the utilization of computers") 2. (18) function, purpose, role, use -- (what something is used for; "the function of an auger is to bore holes"; "ballet is beautiful but what use is it?") 3. (7) use -- (a particular service; "he put his knowledge to good use"; "patrons have their uses") 4. (1) consumption, economic consumption, usance, use, use of goods and services -- ((economics) the utilization of economic goods to satisfy needs or in manufacturing; "the consumption of energy has increased steadily") 5. (1) habit, use -- ((psychology) an automatic pattern of behavior in reaction to a specific situation; may be inherited or acquired through frequent repetition; "owls have nocturnal habits"; "she had a habit twirling the ends of her hair"; "long use had hardened him to it") 6. (1) manipulation, use -- (exerting shrewd or devious influence especially for one's own advantage; "his manipulation of his friends was scandalous") 7. use, enjoyment -- ((law) the exercise of the legal right to enjoy the benefits of owning property; "we were given the use of his boat") Overview of verb use The verb use has 6 senses (first 3 from tagged texts) 1. (603) use, utilize, utilise, apply, employ -- (put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose; "use your head!"; "we only use Spanish at home"; "I can't use this tool"; "Apply a magnetic field here"; "This thinking was applied to many projects"; "How do you utilize this tool?"; "I apply this rule to get good results"; "use the plastic bags to store the food"; "He doesn't know how to use a computer") 2. (12) use, habituate -- (take or consume (regularly or habitually); "She uses drugs rarely") 3. (8) use, expend -- (use up, consume fully; "The legislature expended its time on school questions") 4. use -- (seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage; "She uses her influential friends to get jobs"; "The president's wife used her good connections") 5. practice, apply, use -- (avail oneself to; "apply a principle"; "practice a religion"; "use care when going down the stairs"; "use your common sense"; "practice non-violent resistance") 6. use -- (habitually do something (use only in the past tense); "She used to call her mother every week but now she calls only occasionally"; "I used to get sick when I ate in that dining hall"; "They used to vacation in the Bahamas") --- WordNet end ---