ELIZA

return kwic search for used to out of >500 occurrences
298981 occurrences (No.78 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [cache]

64) A simple, cost-effective in vitro phytotoxicity assay (that uses petri plates) was used to evaluate the allelopathic properties of crude extracts.

--- ABSTRACT ---

PMID:23344824 DOI:10.1177/0748233712472527

2015 Toxicology and industrial health

* Phytotoxicity evaluation and phytochemical analysis of three medicinally important plants from Pakistan.

- This work examines the crude methanolic extracts of three medicinally important plants native to Pakistan for potent phytotoxic activities and important phytochemicals. These plants include Euphorbia wallichii, Bergenia ciliata and Phytolacca latbenia. The phytotoxic effects were checked at 10,000, 1000, and 100 µg/ml against two economically important standard target species, Triticum aestivum (monocot representative) and Brassica napus (dicot representative). The phytotoxicity effects on seed germination, seedling growth and seedling weight were checked. A simple, cost-effective in vitro phytotoxicity assay (that uses petri plates) was used to evaluate the allelopathic properties of crude extracts. At highest concentration, extracts from all the three plants showed phytotoxic activities such that P. latbenia > E. wallichii > B. ciliata. In seedling growth, root length was affected more than shoot length, whereas among the target species B. napus was found to be more sensitive towards extracts when compared with T. aestivum. Phytochemical analysis showed that P. latbenia is rich in saponins and terpenoids, while E. wallichii and B. ciliata are rich in tannins, terpenoids and cardiac glycoside. P. latbenia also carries a moderate amount of cardiac glycosides.

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[frequency of next (right) word to used to]

(1)28 assess	(20)5 design	(39)3 establish	(58)2 find
(2)28 identify	(21)5 increase	(40)3 observe	(59)2 fit
(3)23 evaluate	(22)5 inform	(41)3 prevent	(60)2 form
(4)20 study	(23)5 obtain	(42)3 solve	(61)2 further
(5)17 estimate	(24)5 quantify	(43)3 validate	(62)2 gain
(6)17 measure	(25)5 reconstruct	(44)2 accurately	(63)2 help
(7)16 determine	(26)4 calculate	(45)2 address	(64)2 improve
(8)16 examine	(27)4 characterize	(46)2 amplify	(65)2 make
(9)12 explore	(28)4 confirm	(47)2 avoid	(66)2 match
(10)10 treat	(29)4 construct	(48)2 be	(67)2 optimize
(11)9 analyze	(30)4 illustrate	(49)2 conduct	(68)2 perform
(12)8 develop	(31)4 reduce	(50)2 create	(69)2 prepare
(13)8 investigate	(32)4 screen	(51)2 demonstrate	(70)2 produce
(14)8 predict	(33)4 simulate	(52)2 derive	(71)2 promote
(15)7 collect	(34)4 verify	(53)2 describe	(72)2 recruit
(16)7 compare	(35)3 classify	(54)2 distinguish	(73)2 represent
(17)7 test	(36)3 compute	(55)2 explain	(74)2 select
(18)6 analyse	(37)3 control	(56)2 extrapolate
(19)6 detect	(38)3 define	(57)2 facilitate

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--- WordNet output for used --- =>1.〜に慣れて, 2.用いられた, 中古の Overview of verb use The verb use has 6 senses (first 3 from tagged texts) 1. (603) use, utilize, utilise, apply, employ -- (put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose; "use your head!"; "we only use Spanish at home"; "I can't use this tool"; "Apply a magnetic field here"; "This thinking was applied to many projects"; "How do you utilize this tool?"; "I apply this rule to get good results"; "use the plastic bags to store the food"; "He doesn't know how to use a computer") 2. (12) use, habituate -- (take or consume (regularly or habitually); "She uses drugs rarely") 3. (8) use, expend -- (use up, consume fully; "The legislature expended its time on school questions") 4. use -- (seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage; "She uses her influential friends to get jobs"; "The president's wife used her good connections") 5. practice, apply, use -- (avail oneself to; "apply a principle"; "practice a religion"; "use care when going down the stairs"; "use your common sense"; "practice non-violent resistance") 6. use -- (habitually do something (use only in the past tense); "She used to call her mother every week but now she calls only occasionally"; "I used to get sick when I ate in that dining hall"; "They used to vacation in the Bahamas") Overview of adj used The adj used has 3 senses (first 3 from tagged texts) 1. (4) used -- (employed in accomplishing something; "the principle of surprise is the most used and misused of all the principles of war"- H.H.Arnold & I.C.Eaker) 2. (1) exploited, ill-used, put-upon, used, victimized, victimised -- (of persons; taken advantage of; "after going out of his way to help his friend get the job he felt not appreciated but used") 3. (1) secondhand, used -- (previously used or owned by another; "bought a secondhand (or used) car") --- WordNet end ---