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return kwic search for control out of >500 occurrences
399456 occurrences (No.44 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found
15) Specimens of zirconia ceramic pieces were divided into 11 groups according to surface treatments as follows: one control group (no treatment), one air abrasion group, and nine laser groups (Nd: YAG irradiation).
--- ABSTRACT ---
PMID:23828494 DOI:10.1007/s10103-013-1381-7
2015 Lasers in medical science
* Effect of Nd: YAG laser irradiation on surface properties and bond strength of zirconia ceramics.
- This study investigated the effect of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd: YAG) laser irradiation on surface properties and bond strength of zirconia ceramics. Specimens of zirconia ceramic pieces were divided into 11 groups according to surface treatments as follows: one control group (no treatment), one air abrasion group, and nine laser groups (Nd: YAG irradiation). The laser groups were divided by applying with different output power (1, 2, or 3 W) and irradiation time (30, 60, or 90 s). Following surface treatments, the morphological characteristics of ceramic pieces was observed, and the surface roughness was measured. All specimens were bonded to resin cement. After, stored in water for 24 h and additionally aged by thermocycling, the shear bond strength was measured. Dunnett's t test and one-way ANOVA were performed as the statistical analyses for the surface roughness and the shear bond strength, respectively, with α = .05. Rougher surface of the ceramics could be obtained by laser irradiation with higher output power (2 and 3 W). However, cracks and defects were also found on material surface. The shear bond strength of laser groups was not obviously increased, and it was significantly lower than that of air abrasion group. No significant differences of the shear bond strength were found among laser groups treated with different output power or irradiation time. Nd: YAG laser irradiation cannot improve the surface properties of zirconia ceramics and cannot increase the bond strength of the ceramics. Enhancing irradiation power and extending irradiation time cannot induce higher bond strength of the ceramics and may cause material defect.
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(1)96 group (11)5 measures (21)3 region, (31)2 eyes
(2)34 and (12)5 participants (22)3 system (32)2 levels
(3)29 *null* (13)4 (P (23)3 was (33)2 mice
(4)29 region (14)4 in (24)3 with (34)2 milk-LNS,
(5)24 of (15)4 is (25)2 NP (35)2 practices
(6)21 groups (16)4 over (26)2 activities (36)2 strategies
(7)17 group, (17)4 regions (27)2 but (37)2 were
(8)9 the (18)4 subjects (28)2 donkeys
(9)7 group) (19)3 a (29)2 donkeys,
(10)7 study (20)3 or (30)2 during

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--- WordNet output for control --- =>1.管理する, 制御する, 統制する, 抑える, 2.コントロール, 実験対象, 管理, 対照標準 Overview of noun control The noun control has 11 senses (first 9 from tagged texts) 1. (19) control -- (power to direct or determine; "under control") 2. (16) control -- (a relation of constraint of one entity (thing or person or group) by another; "measures for the control of disease"; "they instituted controls over drinking on campus") 3. (7) control -- ((physiology) regulation or maintenance of a function or action or reflex etc; "the timing and control of his movements were unimpaired"; "he had lost control of his sphincters") 4. (5) control condition, control -- (a standard against which other conditions can be compared in a scientific experiment; "the control condition was inappropriate for the conclusions he wished to draw") 5. (5) control -- (the activity of managing or exerting control over something; "the control of the mob by the police was admirable") 6. (4) dominance, ascendance, ascendence, ascendancy, ascendency, control -- (the state that exists when one person or group has power over another; "her apparent dominance of her husband was really her attempt to make him pay attention to her") 7. (3) restraint, control -- (discipline in personal and social activities; "he was a model of polite restraint"; "she never lost control of herself") 8. (2) command, control, mastery -- (great skillfulness and knowledge of some subject or activity; "a good command of French") 9. (1) control, controller -- (a mechanism that controls the operation of a machine; "the speed controller on his turntable was not working properly"; "I turned the controls over to her") 10. control -- (a spiritual agency that is assumed to assist the medium during a seance) 11. control -- (the economic policy of controlling or limiting or curbing prices or wages etc.; "they wanted to repeal all the legislation that imposed economic controls") Overview of verb control The verb control has 8 senses (first 4 from tagged texts) 1. (28) control, command -- (exercise authoritative control or power over; "control the budget"; "Command the military forces") 2. (20) control, hold in, hold, contain, check, curb, moderate -- (lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint; hold or keep within limits; "moderate your alcohol intake"; "hold your tongue"; "hold your temper"; "control your anger") 3. (7) operate, control -- (handle and cause to function; "do not operate machinery after imbibing alcohol"; "control the lever") 4. (1) manipulate, keep in line, control -- (control (others or oneself) or influence skillfully, usually to one's advantage; "She manipulates her boss"; "She is a very controlling mother and doesn't let her children grow up"; "The teacher knew how to keep the class in line"; "she keeps in line") 5. control, verify -- (check or regulate (a scientific experiment) by conducting a parallel experiment or comparing with another standard; "Are you controlling for the temperature?") 6. control -- (verify by using a duplicate register for comparison; "control an account") 7. see, check, insure, see to it, ensure, control, ascertain, assure -- (be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something; "He verified that the valves were closed"; "See that the curtains are closed"; "control the quality of the product") 8. master, control -- (have a firm understanding or knowledge of; be on top of; "Do you control these data?") --- WordNet end ---