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151) This paper presents and compares several methods of measuring continuous baseline covariate imbalance in clinical trial data.

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PMID:21865270 DOI:10.1177/0962280211416038

2015 Statistical methods in medical research

* Measuring continuous baseline covariate imbalances in clinical trial data.

- This paper presents and compares several methods of measuring continuous baseline covariate imbalance in clinical trial data. Simulations illustrate that though the t-test is an inappropriate method of assessing continuous baseline covariate imbalance, the test statistic itself is a robust measure in capturing imbalance in continuous covariate distributions. Guidelines to assess effects of imbalance on bias, type I error rate and power for hypothesis test for treatment effect on continuous outcomes are presented, and the benefit of covariate-adjusted analysis (ANCOVA) is also illustrated.

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--- WordNet output for data --- =>データ, 資料 Overview of noun data The noun data has 1 sense (first 1 from tagged texts) 1. (76) data, information -- (a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn; "statistical data") Overview of noun datum The noun datum has 1 sense (first 1 from tagged texts) 1. (5) datum, data point -- (an item of factual information derived from measurement or research) --- WordNet end ---