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- Medical English LInking keywords finder for the PubMed Zipped Archive (ELIZA) -

return kwic search for demonstrated out of >500 occurrences
286534 occurrences (No.87 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found
309) When examining genes that changed in both the sulcus and crest, GSEA demonstrated an increase in immune related processes and a decrease in neuronal processes in RHI and CTE groups.
--- ABSTRACT ---
PMID:34485990 DOI:10.17879/freeneuropathology-2021-3453
2021 Free neuropathology
* Differential gene expression in the cortical sulcus compared to the gyral crest within the early stages of chronic traumatic encephalopathy.
- Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a progressive neurodegenerative tauopathy found in individuals with a history of repetitive head impacts (RHI). Previous work has demonstrated that neuroinflammation is involved in CTE pathogenesis, however, the specific inflammatory mechanisms are still unclear. Here, using RNA-sequencing and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), we investigated the genetic changes found in tissue taken from the region CTE pathology is first found, the cortical sulcus, and compared it to neighboring gryal crest tissue to identify what pathways were directly related to initial hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) deposition. 21 cases were chosen for analysis: 6 cases had no exposure to RHI or presence of neurodegenerative disease (Control), 5 cases had exposure to RHI but no presence of neurodegenerative disease (RHI), and 10 cases had exposure to RHI and low stage CTE (CTE). Two sets of genes were identified: genes that changed in both the sulcus and crest and genes that changed specifically in the sulcus relative to the crest. When examining genes that changed in both the sulcus and crest, GSEA demonstrated an increase in immune related processes and a decrease in neuronal processes in RHI and CTE groups. Sulcal specific alterations were observed to be driven by three mechanisms: anatomy, RHI, or p-tau. First, we observed consistent sulcal specific alterations in immune, extracellular matrix, vascular, neuronal, and endocytosis/exocytosis categories across all groups, suggesting the sulcus has a unique molecular signature compared to the neighboring crest independent of pathology. Second, individuals with a history of RHI demonstrated impairment in metabolic and mitochondrial related processes. Finally, in individuals with CTE, we observed impairment of immune and phagocytic related processes. Overall, this work provides the first observation of biological processes specifically altered in the sulcus that could be directly implicated in CTE pathogenesis and provide novel targets for biomarkers and therapies.
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[frequency of next (right) word to demonstrated]
(1)169 that (11)5 good (21)3 that, (31)2 leadership
(2)48 a (12)5 using (22)2 altered (32)2 on
(3)34 the (13)5 with (23)2 benefits (33)2 positive
(4)18 in (14)4 comparable (24)2 decreases (34)2 potential
(5)17 to (15)4 for (25)2 elevated (35)2 robustness
(6)16 by (16)4 how (26)2 evidence (36)2 significantly
(7)9 an (17)4 its (27)2 greater (37)2 similar
(8)8 significant (18)3 improved (28)2 higher (38)2 statistically
(9)7 *null* (19)3 no (29)2 highly (39)2 successful
(10)7 efficacy (20)3 several (30)2 increased (40)2 survival

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--- WordNet output for demonstrated --- Overview of verb demonstrate The verb demonstrate has 4 senses (first 4 from tagged texts) 1. (24) show, demo, exhibit, present, demonstrate -- (give an exhibition of to an interested audience; "She shows her dogs frequently"; "We will demo the new software in Washington") 2. (22) prove, demonstrate, establish, show, shew -- (establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment; "The experiment demonstrated the instability of the compound"; "The mathematician showed the validity of the conjecture") 3. (2) attest, certify, manifest, demonstrate, evidence -- (provide evidence for; stand as proof of; show by one's behavior, attitude, or external attributes; "His high fever attested to his illness"; "The buildings in Rome manifest a high level of architectural sophistication"; "This decision demonstrates his sense of fairness") 4. (1) demonstrate, march -- (march in protest; take part in a demonstration; "Thousands demonstrated against globalization during the meeting of the most powerful economic nations in Seattle") Overview of adj demonstrated The adj demonstrated has 1 sense (first 1 from tagged texts) 1. (1) demonstrated -- (having been demonstrated or verified beyond doubt) --- WordNet end ---