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383385 occurrences (No.47 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

243) The effects of cytoplasmic volumes on development and developmental kinetics of in vitro produced porcine embryos were investigated.

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PMID:24229766 DOI:10.1017/S0967199413000543

2015 Zygote (Cambridge, England)

* Developmental potential and kinetics of pig embryos with different cytoplasmic volume.

- The effects of cytoplasmic volumes on development and developmental kinetics of in vitro produced porcine embryos were investigated. During hand-made cloning (HMC), selected cytoplasts were separated into two groups according to their size in relation to the initial oocyte: ~75% or ~50%. Following two fusion steps and activation (day 0), reconstructed embryos were cultured in vitro for 6 days. Cleavage rates on day 2 as well as blastocyst rates and cell numbers on day 6 were recorded. Results showed that embryo development was no different for ~50% versus ~75% cytoplasm at first fusion. This result was used in the following experiments, where the effect of varying cytoplasm volume in second fusion to obtain a final cytoplasm volume of ~75% to ~200% was tested. The results showed that the lowest quality was obtained when the final cytoplasm volume was ~75% and the highest quality at ~200% of the original oocyte. Similar results were observed in parthenogenetic (PA) embryos activated with different cytoplasmic volumes. A common pattern for the developmental kinetics of HMC and PA embryos was observed: the smaller group tended to have a longer time for the first two cell cycles, but subsequently a shorter time to form morula and blastocyst. In conclusion, the developmental kinetics of in vitro produced embryos was affected by the cytoplasm volume of the initial oocyte, and this further accounted for the developmental ability of the reconstructed embryos.

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(1)236 of	(6)6 was	(11)3 and/or	(16)2 on
(2)59 and	(7)5 as	(12)3 by	(17)2 progression,
(3)54 null	(8)4 are	(13)3 including	(18)2 to
(4)21 in	(9)4 for	(14)3 process
(5)6 is	(10)4 were	(15)2 after

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--- WordNet output for development --- =>発達, 開発, 産物, 進展 Overview of noun development The noun development has 9 senses (first 7 from tagged texts) 1. (52) development -- (act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining; "he congratulated them on their development of a plan to meet the emergency"; "they funded research and development") 2. (46) development, evolution -- (a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage); "the development of his ideas took many years"; "the evolution of Greek civilization"; "the slow development of her skill as a writer") 3. (11) growth, growing, maturation, development, ontogeny, ontogenesis -- ((biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level; "he proposed an indicator of osseous development in children") 4. (9) development -- (a recent event that has some relevance for the present situation; "recent developments in Iraq"; "what a revolting development!") 5. (7) exploitation, development -- (the act of making some area of land or water more profitable or productive or useful; "the development of Alaskan resources"; "the exploitation of copper deposits") 6. (6) development -- (a district that has been developed to serve some purpose; "such land is practical for small park developments") 7. (4) development -- (a state in which things are improving; the result of developing (as in the early part of a game of chess); "after he saw the latest development he changed his mind and became a supporter"; "in chess your should take care of your development before moving your queen") 8. development, developing -- (processing a photosensitive material in order to make an image visible; "the development and printing of his pictures took only two hours") 9. development -- ((music) the section of a composition or movement (especially in sonata form) where the major musical themes are developed and elaborated) --- WordNet end ---