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return kwic search for effect out of >500 occurrences
566982 occurrences (No.17 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [cache]

367) The strongest age effect was seen in the pallidum region, where the highest age-related non-heme iron accumulation was observed.

--- ABSTRACT ---

PMID:33838265 DOI:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118012

2021 NeuroImage

* In vivo evaluation of heme and non-heme iron content and neuronal density in human basal ganglia.

- Non-heme iron is an important element supporting the structure and functioning of biological tissues. Imbalance in non-heme iron can lead to different neurological disorders. Several MRI approaches have been developed for iron quantification relying either on the relaxation properties of MRI signal or measuring tissue magnetic susceptibility. Specific quantification of the non-heme iron can, however, be constrained by the presence of the heme iron in the deoxygenated blood and contribution of cellular composition. The goal of this paper is to introduce theoretical background and experimental MRI method allowing disentangling contributions of heme and non-heme irons simultaneously with evaluation of tissue neuronal density in the iron-rich basal ganglia. Our approach is based on the quantitative Gradient Recalled Echo (qGRE) MRI technique that allows separation of the total R2^* metric characterizing decay of GRE signal into tissue-specific (R2t^*) and the baseline blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) contributions. A combination with the QSM data (also available from the qGRE signal phase) allowed further separation of the tissue-specific R2t^* metric in a cell-specific and non-heme-iron-specific contributions. It is shown that the non-heme iron contribution to R2t^* relaxation can be described with the previously developed Gaussian Phase Approximation (GPA) approach. qGRE data were obtained from 22 healthy control participants (ages 26-63 years). Results suggest that the ferritin complexes are aggregated in clusters with an average radius about 100nm comprising approximately 2600 individual ferritin units. It is also demonstrated that the concentrations of heme and non-heme iron tend to increase with age. The strongest age effect was seen in the pallidum region, where the highest age-related non-heme iron accumulation was observed.

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[frequency of next (right) word to effect]

(1)219 of	(8)11 sizes	(15)3 to	(22)2 measure
(2)66 on	(9)9 is	(16)3 via	(23)2 relationship
(3)30 null	(10)4 against	(17)3 with	(24)2 than
(4)20 and	(11)4 for	(18)2 P	(25)2 trials
(5)19 in	(12)4 such	(19)2 at
(6)16 was	(13)4 that	(20)2 estimates,
(7)13 size	(14)3 may	(21)2 induced

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--- WordNet output for effect --- =>趣旨, 結果, 影響, 効力, 活動, 印象, 効果, 成し遂げる Overview of noun effect The noun effect has 6 senses (first 5 from tagged texts) 1. (101) consequence, effect, outcome, result, event, issue, upshot -- (a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon; "the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise"; "his decision had depressing consequences for business"; "he acted very wise after the event") 2. (11) impression, effect -- (an outward appearance; "he made a good impression"; "I wanted to create an impression of success"; "she retained that bold effect in her reproductions of the original painting") 3. (9) effect -- (an impression (especially one that is artificial or contrived); "he just did it for effect") 4. (2) effect, essence, burden, core, gist -- (the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work) 5. (1) effect, force -- ((of a law) having legal validity; "the law is still in effect") 6. effect -- (a symptom caused by an illness or a drug; "the effects of sleep loss"; "the effect of the anesthetic") Overview of verb effect The verb effect has 2 senses (first 2 from tagged texts) 1. (17) effect, effectuate, set up -- (produce; "The scientists set up a shock wave") 2. (3) effect -- (act so as to bring into existence; "effect a change") --- WordNet end ---