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566982 occurrences (No.17 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

25) The present results indicate that the content of organic components may be determinant for the proinflammatory effects of DEP.

--- ABSTRACT ---

PMID:23900936 DOI:10.1002/tox.21884

2015 Environmental toxicology

* Differential proinflammatory responses induced by diesel exhaust particles with contrasting PAH and metal content.

- Exposure to diesel engine exhaust particles (DEPs), representing a complex and variable mixture of components, has been linked with cellular production and release of several types of mediators related to pulmonary inflammation. A key challenge is to identify the specific components, which may be responsible for these effects. The aim of this study was to compare the proinflammatory potential of two DEP-samples with contrasting contents of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals. The DEP-samples were compared with respect to their ability to induce cytotoxicity, expression and release of proinflammatory mediators (IL-6, IL-8), activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and expression of CYP1A1 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells. In addition, dithiothreitol and ascorbic acid assays were performed in order to examine the oxidative potential of the PM samples. The DEP-sample with the highest PAH and lowest metal content was more potent with respect to cytotoxicity and expression and release of proinflammatory mediators, CYP1A1 and HO-1 expression and MAPK activation, than the DEP-sample with lower PAH and higher metal content. The DEP-sample with the highest PAH and lowest metal content also possessed a greater oxidative potential. The present results indicate that the content of organic components may be determinant for the proinflammatory effects of DEP. The findings underscore the importance of considering the chemical composition of particulate matter-emissions, when evaluating the potential health impact and implementation of air pollution regulations.

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(1)251 of	(8)5 to	(15)3 that	(22)2 models
(2)52 on	(9)4 are	(16)3 with	(23)2 observed
(3)29 null	(10)4 such	(17)2 at	(24)2 regression
(4)22 in	(11)3 between	(18)2 due	(25)2 through
(5)16 and	(12)3 from	(19)2 has
(6)13 were	(13)3 induced	(20)2 include
(7)7 for	(14)3 may	(21)2 limited

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--- WordNet output for effects --- =>個人資産 Overview of noun effects The noun effects has 1 sense (no senses from tagged texts) 1. effects, personal effects -- (property of a personal character that is portable but not used in business; "she left some of her personal effects in the house"; "I watched over their effects until they returned") Overview of noun effect The noun effect has 6 senses (first 5 from tagged texts) 1. (101) consequence, effect, outcome, result, event, issue, upshot -- (a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon; "the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise"; "his decision had depressing consequences for business"; "he acted very wise after the event") 2. (11) impression, effect -- (an outward appearance; "he made a good impression"; "I wanted to create an impression of success"; "she retained that bold effect in her reproductions of the original painting") 3. (9) effect -- (an impression (especially one that is artificial or contrived); "he just did it for effect") 4. (2) effect, essence, burden, core, gist -- (the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work) 5. (1) effect, force -- ((of a law) having legal validity; "the law is still in effect") 6. effect -- (a symptom caused by an illness or a drug; "the effects of sleep loss"; "the effect of the anesthetic") Overview of verb effect The verb effect has 2 senses (first 2 from tagged texts) 1. (17) effect, effectuate, set up -- (produce; "The scientists set up a shock wave") 2. (3) effect -- (act so as to bring into existence; "effect a change") --- WordNet end ---