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return kwic search for functional out of >500 occurrences
267449 occurrences (No.100 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [cache]

83) We found that basalt-type bitter receptors showed higher response intensity and sensitivity compared with chalk-type ones using both genetic and cell-based functional analyses.

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PMID:34240186 DOI:10.1093/molbev/msab205

2021 Molecular biology and evolution

* Local Adaptation of Bitter Taste and Ecological Speciation in a Wild Mammal.

- Sensory systems are attractive evolutionary models to address how organisms adapt to local environments that can cause ecological speciation. However, tests of these evolutionary models have focused on visual, auditory, and olfactory senses. Here, we show local adaptation of bitter taste receptor genes in two neighboring populations of a wild mammal-the blind mole rat Spalax galili-that show ecological speciation in divergent soil environments. We found that basalt-type bitter receptors showed higher response intensity and sensitivity compared with chalk-type ones using both genetic and cell-based functional analyses. Such functional changes could help animals adapted to basalt soil select plants with less bitterness from diverse local foods, whereas a weaker reception to bitter taste may allow consumption of a greater range of plants for animals inhabiting chalk soil with a scarcity of food supply. Our study shows divergent selection on food resources through local adaptation of bitter receptors, and suggests that taste plays an important yet underappreciated role in speciation.

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[frequency of next (right) word to functional]

(1)24 connectivity	(20)4 brain	(39)3 material	(58)2 interactions
(2)14 magnetic	(21)4 changes	(40)3 materials	(59)2 interpretation
(3)13 and	(22)4 group	(41)3 organization	(60)2 neuroimaging
(4)13 recovery	(23)4 implications	(42)3 tasks	(61)2 organ
(5)11 role	(24)4 networks	(43)3 units	(62)2 outcome
(6)8 analyses	(25)4 training+CPM	(44)2 Threshold	(63)2 outcome,
(7)8 assays	(26)3 null	(45)2 academics,	(64)2 outcomes,
(8)8 groups	(27)3 activation	(46)2 alteration	(65)2 phenotypes
(9)8 outcomes	(28)3 activity	(47)2 antibodies	(66)2 plasticity
(10)8 roles	(29)3 annotation	(48)2 architecture	(67)2 profile
(11)8 training	(30)3 attributes	(49)2 characterization	(68)2 rating
(12)6 MRI	(31)3 capacity	(50)2 consequence	(69)2 reconstruction
(13)6 analysis	(32)3 cure	(51)2 defects	(70)2 redundancy
(14)6 properties	(33)3 effector	(52)2 differences	(71)2 relationship
(15)6 studies	(34)3 effects	(53)2 diversification	(72)2 relevance
(16)5 consequences	(35)3 enrichment	(54)2 enzymes	(73)2 selectivity
(17)5 impairment	(36)3 foods	(55)2 evaluation
(18)5 network	(37)3 impact	(56)2 groups,
(19)5 theory	(38)3 limitations	(57)2 integrity

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--- WordNet output for functional --- =>機能の, 関数の, 機能する, 機能上の, 実用的な, 機能的な Overview of adj functional The adj functional has 6 senses (first 2 from tagged texts) 1. (3) functional -- (designed for or capable of a particular function or use; "a style of writing in which every word is functional"; "functional architecture") 2. (1) functional -- (involving or affecting function rather than physiology; "functional deafness") 3. functional -- (relating to or based on function especially as opposed to structure; "the problem now is not a constitutional one; it is a functional one"; "delegates elected on a functional rather than a geographical basis") 4. functional, usable, useable, operable, operational -- (fit or ready for use or service; "the toaster was still functional even after being dropped"; "the lawnmower is a bit rusty but still usable"; "an operational aircraft"; "the dishwasher is now in working order") 5. functional -- (designed for or adapted to a function or use; "functional education selects knowledge that is concrete and usable rather than abstract and theoretical"; "functional architecture") 6. running, operative, functional, working -- ((of e.g. a machine) performing or capable of performing; "in running (or working) order"; "a functional set of brakes") --- WordNet end ---