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309169 occurrences (No.70 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

263) The most frequently used method to promote their differentiation is supplementation of the in vitro culture medium with growth/differentiation factors (GDFs).

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PMID:24123949 DOI:10.1002/term.1817

2015 Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

* On the use of dexamethasone-loaded liposomes to induce the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells.

- Stem cells have received considerable attention by the scientific community because of their potential for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The most frequently used method to promote their differentiation is supplementation of the in vitro culture medium with growth/differentiation factors (GDFs). The limitations of that strategy caused by the short half-life of GDFs limit its efficacy in vivo and consequently its clinical use. Thus, the development of new concepts that enable the bioactivity and bioavailability of GDFs to be protected, both in vitro and in vivo, is very relevant. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems can be injected, protect the GDFs and enable spatiotemporal release kinetics to be controlled. Liposomes are well-established nanodelivery devices presenting significant advantages, viz. a high load-carrying capacity, relative safety and easy production, and a versatile nature in terms of possible formulations and surface functionalization. The main objective of the present study was to optimize the formulation of liposomes to encapsulate dexamethasone (Dex). Our results showed that the optimized Dex-loaded liposomes do not have any cytotoxic effect on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). More importantly, they were able to promote an earlier induction of differentiation of hBMSCs into the osteogenic lineage, as demonstrated by the expression of osteoblastic markers, both phenotypically and genotypically. We concluded that Dex-loaded liposomes represent a viable nanoparticle strategy with enhanced safety and efficacy for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

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(1)69 and	(12)5 at	(25)3 models	(36)2 model
(2)48 factor	(13)4 but	(26)3 or	(37)2 modeling
(3)48 of	(14)4 during	(27)3 traits	(38)2 outcomes
(4)41 null	(15)4 factor,	(28)3 trajectories	(39)2 phase
(5)32 in	(17)4 patterns	(29)2 among	(40)2 properties
(6)25 factors	(18)4 plate	(30)2 are	(41)2 responses
(7)9 inhibition	(19)4 response	(31)2 as	(42)2 restriction
(8)8 rate	(20)4 was	(32)2 dynamics	(43)2 stunting
(9)6 factors,	(21)3 cone	(33)2 effects	(44)2 to
(10)6 rates	(22)3 curve	(34)2 forest	(45)2 velocities
(11)5 arrest	(23)3 factor-C	(35)2 hormone	(46)2 were

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--- WordNet output for growth --- =>茂み, 成長, 増加, 発展, 栽培, 腫よう, 成長物 Overview of noun growth The noun growth has 7 senses (first 5 from tagged texts) 1. (37) growth, growing, maturation, development, ontogeny, ontogenesis -- ((biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level; "he proposed an indicator of osseous development in children") 2. (20) growth -- (a progression from simpler to more complex forms; "the growth of culture") 3. (3) increase, increment, growth -- (a process of becoming larger or longer or more numerous or more important; "the increase in unemployment"; "the growth of population") 4. (3) growth -- (vegetation that has grown; "a growth of trees"; "the only growth was some salt grass") 5. (1) emergence, outgrowth, growth -- (the gradual beginning or coming forth; "figurines presage the emergence of sculpture in Greece") 6. growth -- ((pathology) an abnormal proliferation of tissue (as in a tumor)) 7. growth -- (something grown or growing; "a growth of hair") --- WordNet end ---