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309169 occurrences (No.70 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

268) The antimicrobial activity results in a significant growth inhibition of C.

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PMID:24491181 DOI:10.3109/10717544.2013.879679

2015 Drug delivery

* Cyclodextrin modulates the cytotoxic effects of chlorhexidine on microrganisms and cells in vitro.

- Although several studies have shown that chlorhexidine (Cx) has bactericidal activity and exerts toxic effects on periodontal tissues a few studies evaluated mechanisms to reduce its adverse effects maintaining the antimicrobial properties. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial activity and cellular cytotoxicity of Cx included on cyclodextrins (Cd), α, β or Hp-β-cyclodextrins (Hp-β-Cd). The influence of Cds was determined by increasing its molar rate 1:1 to 1:4 in relation with free Cx. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for Candida albicans, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans actinomycemcomitans and Streptococcus mutans were determined. An ergosterol solubilization assay was carried out using the C. albicans model and osteoblasts, fibroblasts and tumoral Caco-2 cells for cytotoxicity assay. The antimicrobial activity results in a significant growth inhibition of C. albicans when it was treated with Cx:α-Cd complexes, whereas Cx:β-Cd was more effective for A. actinomycetemcomitans, and Cx:Hp-β-Cd complexes was for S. mutans when compared to the other complexes. The cytotoxicity for fibroblasts and osteoblasts decreased in relation with each kind of Cd been β-Cd ≤ Hp-β-Cd ≤ α-Cd. Although the Hp-β-Cd inclusion complexes had more severe effects on Caco-2 cells, all complexes exhibited less cytotoxicity than free Cx. The α-Cd, β-Cd and Hp-β-Cd increase the antimicrobial activity of Cx, but decrease its cytotoxic effects on mammalian cells. Taken together these findings suggest that cyclodextrins are a tool for modulation of effects of Cx. It could be useful to design Cx/Cd delivery systems with high efficacy and minimum cytotoxic effects.

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[frequency of next (right) word to growth]

(1)69 and	(12)5 at	(25)3 models	(36)2 model
(2)48 factor	(13)4 but	(26)3 or	(37)2 modeling
(3)48 of	(14)4 during	(27)3 traits	(38)2 outcomes
(4)41 null	(15)4 factor,	(28)3 trajectories	(39)2 phase
(5)32 in	(17)4 patterns	(29)2 among	(40)2 properties
(6)25 factors	(18)4 plate	(30)2 are	(41)2 responses
(7)9 inhibition	(19)4 response	(31)2 as	(42)2 restriction
(8)8 rate	(20)4 was	(32)2 dynamics	(43)2 stunting
(9)6 factors,	(21)3 cone	(33)2 effects	(44)2 to
(10)6 rates	(22)3 curve	(34)2 forest	(45)2 velocities
(11)5 arrest	(23)3 factor-C	(35)2 hormone	(46)2 were

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--- WordNet output for growth --- =>茂み, 成長, 増加, 発展, 栽培, 腫よう, 成長物 Overview of noun growth The noun growth has 7 senses (first 5 from tagged texts) 1. (37) growth, growing, maturation, development, ontogeny, ontogenesis -- ((biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level; "he proposed an indicator of osseous development in children") 2. (20) growth -- (a progression from simpler to more complex forms; "the growth of culture") 3. (3) increase, increment, growth -- (a process of becoming larger or longer or more numerous or more important; "the increase in unemployment"; "the growth of population") 4. (3) growth -- (vegetation that has grown; "a growth of trees"; "the only growth was some salt grass") 5. (1) emergence, outgrowth, growth -- (the gradual beginning or coming forth; "figurines presage the emergence of sculpture in Greece") 6. growth -- ((pathology) an abnormal proliferation of tissue (as in a tumor)) 7. growth -- (something grown or growing; "a growth of hair") --- WordNet end ---