ELIZA

return kwic search for human out of >500 occurrences
482327 occurrences (No.32 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

165) Activating fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signals and inhibiting the activin/nodal pathway are both conserved principles to direct the neural induction (NI) of developing embryos and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs).

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PMID:24256943 DOI:10.3727/096368913X675179

2015 Cell transplantation

* Prerequisite OCT4 Maintenance Potentiates the Neural Induction of Differentiating Human Embryonic Stem Cells and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.

- Establishing an efficient differentiation procedure is prerequisite for the cell transplantation of pluripotent stem cells. Activating fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signals and inhibiting the activin/nodal pathway are both conserved principles to direct the neural induction (NI) of developing embryos and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Wnt signal and OCT4 expression are critical for the hESC pluripotency; however, their roles in cell differentiation are largely unclear. We demonstrate that in the presence of FGF2 and activin inhibitor SB431542, applying a small-molecule Wnt agonist, BIO, efficiently and rapidly steers the NI of all our tested hESCs. A human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC), which is refractory for efficient neural conversion by FGF2, effectively differentiated to SOX1(+) cells after the BIO/SB431542/FGF2 treatment. In addition, BIO promoted cell survival and transiently sustained OCT4 expression at the early NI stage with FGF2 and SB431542. Interestingly, at the late NI stage, the OCT4 level rapidly declined in the treated hESCs and consequently initiated the formation of neural rosettes with forebrain neuron characteristics. This study illustrates the distinct effects of Wnt activation on maintaining pluripotency and committing neural lineages at the early and late NI stages of hESCs and iPSCs, respectively.

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[frequency of next (right) word to human]

(1)19 and	(23)3 blood	(45)2 adipose-derived	(67)2 insulin
(2)15 health	(24)3 bronchial	(46)2 amniotic	(68)2 interaction
(3)11 brain	(25)3 dental	(47)2 articular	(69)2 islet
(4)10 breast	(26)3 dermal	(48)2 body,	(70)2 leukocyte
(5)8 body	(27)3 embryonic	(49)2 brain,	(71)2 liver
(6)8 mesenchymal	(28)3 head	(50)2 but	(72)2 microbiota
(7)8 papillomavirus	(29)3 lung	(51)2 cartilage	(73)2 mycetoma
(8)7 bone	(30)3 nasal	(52)2 cerebral	(74)2 neuroblastoma
(9)7 subjects	(31)3 renal	(53)2 chorionic	(75)2 oral
(10)7 umbilical	(32)3 serum	(54)2 consumption,	(76)2 osteosarcoma
(11)6 cancer	(33)3 skin	(55)2 cortical	(77)2 papilloma
(12)6 hepatocytes	(34)3 spinal	(56)2 disease	(78)2 participants
(13)4 null	(35)3 teeth	(57)2 endometrial	(79)2 periodontal
(14)4 MSCs	(36)3 tissues	(58)2 endothelial	(80)2 platelet
(15)4 cancers	(37)2 Alu	(59)2 eye	(81)2 primary
(16)4 cancers,	(38)2 CD34(+)	(60)2 face	(82)2 resources
(17)4 immunodeficiency	(39)2 DMN	(61)2 fibroblasts	(83)2 respiratory
(18)4 model	(40)2 PIF1	(62)2 glioma	(84)2 rights
(19)4 oncology	(41)2 TP	(63)2 health,	(85)2 studies
(20)4 plasma	(42)2 abdomen	(64)2 hepatocellular	(86)2 third
(21)3 Province	(43)2 activity	(65)2 induced	(87)2 tooth
(22)3 acellular	(44)2 adipose	(66)2 infections,

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--- WordNet output for human --- =>人間らしい, 人間の, 人, 人間 Overview of noun human The noun human has 1 sense (first 1 from tagged texts) 1. (5) homo, man, human being, human -- (any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae characterized by superior intelligence, articulate speech, and erect carriage) Overview of adj human The adj human has 3 senses (first 3 from tagged texts) 1. (46) human -- (characteristic of humanity; "human nature") 2. (19) human -- (relating to a person; "the experiment was conducted on 6 monkeys and 2 human subjects") 3. (15) human -- (having human form or attributes as opposed to those of animals or divine beings; "human beings"; "the human body"; "human kindness"; "human frailty") --- WordNet end ---