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return kwic search for molecular out of >500 occurrences
333489 occurrences (No.56 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [cache]

336) The newly developed low ionic strength medium, d-L15/ex, which can stabilize cit-AgNP and better mimic the freshwater environment, offers an excellent exposure solution to study cellular and molecular effects of NP to gill cells.

--- ABSTRACT ---

PMID:24621324 DOI:10.3109/17435390.2014.889236

2015 Nanotoxicology

* Toxicity of silver nanoparticles to a fish gill cell line: role of medium composition.

- In aqueous solutions, silver nanoparticle (AgNP) behavior is affected by a variety of factors which lead to altered AgNP size and toxicity. Our research aims to explore the effect of media composition on citrate-coated AgNP (cit-AgNP) behavior and toxicity to the cell line from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) gill, RTgill-W1. Three different exposure media (L15/ex, L15/ex w/o Cl and d-L15/ex) were used. These were characterized by varying ionic strength and chloride content, both of which had a dominant effect on the behaviour of cit-AgNP. Comparing the behaviour and toxicity of cit-AgNP in the different media, stronger agglomeration of cit-AgNP correlated with higher toxicity. Deposition of cit-AgNP on cells might explain the higher toxicity of agglomerated cit-AgNP compared to that of suspended cit-AgNP. The cit-AgNP concentration-response curves as a function of dissolved silver ions, and the limited prevention of toxicity by silver ligands, indicated that cit-AgNP elicited a particle-specific effect on the cells. Furthermore, the lysosomal membrane integrity was significantly more sensitive to cit-AgNP exposure than cellular metabolic activity or cell membrane integrity and showed the weakest protection by silver ligands. This revealed that cit-AgNP toxicity seems to particularly act on RTgill-W1 cell lysosomes. The newly developed low ionic strength medium, d-L15/ex, which can stabilize cit-AgNP and better mimic the freshwater environment, offers an excellent exposure solution to study cellular and molecular effects of NP to gill cells.

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[frequency of next (right) word to molecular]

(1)52 mechanisms	(19)5 docking	(37)3 recognition	(55)2 heparin
(2)26 weight	(20)5 information	(38)3 serotyping	(56)2 identification
(3)18 data	(21)5 methods	(39)3 sieve	(57)2 knowledge
(4)18 mechanism	(22)5 modeling	(40)3 structure	(58)2 mass
(5)16 dynamics	(23)5 phylogenetic	(41)3 techniques	(59)2 mechanisms,
(6)15 and	(24)5 targets	(42)3 variance	(60)2 or
(7)10 analysis	(25)4 diagnosis	(43)2 Dynamics	(61)2 oxygen
(8)10 basis	(26)4 interactions	(44)2 approach	(62)2 perspectives
(9)8 characterization	(27)4 level	(45)2 biological	(63)2 phenotypic
(10)7 epidemiology	(28)4 level,	(46)2 classification	(64)2 phylogenies
(11)7 genetic	(29)4 responses	(47)2 clock	(65)2 probes
(12)7 imaging	(30)4 target	(48)2 dating	(66)2 profiles
(13)6 biology	(31)3 evolution	(49)2 details	(67)2 subtype
(14)6 changes	(32)3 features	(50)2 diffusion	(68)2 therapies
(15)6 markers	(33)3 levels	(51)2 effects	(69)2 underpinnings
(16)6 pathways	(34)3 marker	(52)2 events
(17)5 analyses	(35)3 medicine	(53)2 evidence
(18)5 characteristics	(36)3 orbital	(54)2 genetics

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--- WordNet output for molecular --- =>分子の Overview of adj molecular The adj molecular has 2 senses (first 1 from tagged texts) 1. (6) molecular -- (relating to or produced by or consisting of molecules; "molecular structure"; "molecular oxygen"; "molecular weight is the sum of all the atoms in a molecule") 2. molecular -- (relating to simple or elementary organization; "proceed by more and more detailed analysis to the molecular facts of perception"--G.A. Miller) --- WordNet end ---