ELIZA

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392826 occurrences (No.45 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

284) Significant main effects (p < 0.05) were observed between methods in joint contribution angles and scapulo-humeral rhythms.

--- ABSTRACT ---

PMID:23654344 DOI:10.1080/10255842.2013.792810

2015 Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering

* Elucidating the scapulo-humeral rhythm calculation: 3D joint contribution method.

- The scapulo-humeral rhythm quantifies shoulder joint coordination during arm elevation. The common method calculates a ratio of gleno-humeral (GH) elevation to scapulo-thoracic upward rotation angles. However the other rotations also contribute to arm elevation. The objective is to propose a 3D dynamic scapulo-humeral rhythm calculation method including all rotations of the shoulder joints and compare with the common method. Twenty-nine skin markers were placed on the trunk and dominant arm of 14 healthy males to measure shoulder kinematics. Two-way repeated measures ANOVAs were applied to compare the two methods of calculation of joint contributions and scapulo-humeral rhythm during arm elevation. Significant main effects (p < 0.05) were observed between methods in joint contribution angles and scapulo-humeral rhythms. A systematic overestimation of the GH contribution was observed when only using the GH elevation angle because the scapula is moved outside a vertical plane. Hence, the proposed 3D method to calculate the scapulo-humeral rhythm allows an improved functional shoulder evaluation.

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(1)155 in	(9)9 on	(17)4 a	(25)2 data
(2)48 null	(10)8 by	(18)4 during	(26)2 experimentally
(3)36 that	(11)8 to	(19)4 the	(27)2 reduction
(4)19 for	(12)8 when	(20)3 variation	(28)2 significant
(5)18 at	(13)6 among	(21)2 as	(29)2 through
(6)16 between	(14)6 following	(22)2 changes	(30)2 throughout
(7)11 with	(15)5 after	(23)2 clinical	(31)2 up
(8)9 and	(16)5 from	(24)2 compared	(32)2 using

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--- WordNet output for observed --- Overview of verb observe The verb observe has 9 senses (first 8 from tagged texts) 1. (39) detect, observe, find, discover, notice -- (discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of; "She detected high levels of lead in her drinking water"; "We found traces of lead in the paint") 2. (17) note, observe, mention, remark -- (make mention of; "She observed that his presentation took up too much time"; "They noted that it was a fine day to go sailing") 3. (12) note, take note, observe -- (observe with care or pay close attention to; "Take note of this chemical reaction") 4. (10) observe -- (watch attentively; "Please observe the reaction of these two chemicals") 5. (4) respect, honor, honour, abide by, observe -- (show respect towards; "honor your parents!") 6. (3) observe, celebrate, keep -- (behave as expected during of holidays or rites; "Keep the commandments"; "celebrate Christmas"; "Observe Yom Kippur") 7. (2) watch, observe, follow, watch over, keep an eye on -- (follow with the eyes or the mind; "Keep an eye on the baby, please!"; "The world is watching Sarajevo"; "She followed the men with the binoculars") 8. (1) observe, keep, maintain -- (stick to correctly or closely; "The pianist kept time with the metronome"; "keep count"; "I cannot keep track of all my employees") 9. observe, keep -- (conform one's action or practice to; "keep appointments"; "she never keeps her promises"; "We kept to the original conditions of the contract") Overview of adj observed The adj observed has 1 sense (first 1 from tagged texts) 1. (7) ascertained, discovered, observed -- (discovered or determined by scientific observation; "variation in the ascertained flux depends on a number of factors"; "the discovered behavior norms"; "discovered differences in achievement"; "no explanation for the observed phenomena") --- WordNet end ---