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410) One of the bilateral defects, which were all filled with collagen sponge or left empty, was irradiated with a Nd:YAG laser once every 2 days for 2 weeks at a constant total fluence rate (344 J/cm(2) ), output power (0.75 W), pulse repetition rate (15 pps) and wavelength (1064 nm) and examined for the laser effect.
2015 Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
* High-intensity Nd:YAG laser accelerates bone regeneration in calvarial defect models.
- High-power pulsed lasers have been recently regarded to be anabolic to bone, but in vivo evidence is still lacking. This study aimed to investigate the capacity of bone repair using a high-power, Q-switched, pulsed, neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) laser, using bilateral calvarial defect models having non-critical sized, 5 mm (rat) or 8 mm (rabbit) diameter. One of the bilateral defects, which were all filled with collagen sponge or left empty, was irradiated with a Nd:YAG laser once every 2 days for 2 weeks at a constant total fluence rate (344 J/cm(2) ), output power (0.75 W), pulse repetition rate (15 pps) and wavelength (1064 nm) and examined for the laser effect. The same experimental scheme was designed using a rabbit calvarial defect model implanted with sponge, which was explored for the dose effect of output power at 0.75 and 3 W with the same quantities of the other parameters. New bone formation was evaluated by micro-computed tomography-based analysis and histological observation at 4 weeks after surgery. Laser irradiation significantly increased new bone formation by approximately 45%, not only in the sponge-filled defects of rats but also when the defects were left empty, compared to the non-irradiated group. Consistently, both doses of output power (0.75 and 3 W) enhanced new bone formation, but there was no significant difference between the two doses. This study is one of the first to demonstrate the beneficial effect of Nd:YAG lasers on the regeneration of bone defects which were left empty or filled with collagen sponge, suggesting its great potential in postoperative treatment targeting local bone healing.
=>価格を評定する, 割合, 率, 歩合, 料金, 値段, 相場, 速度, 度合, 人を〜を思う, みなす, 価値がある,
人を〜とみなす, 科金, 評価する
Overview of noun rate
The noun rate has 4 senses (first 3 from tagged texts)
1. (68) rate -- (a magnitude or frequency relative to a time unit; "they traveled at a rate of 55
miles per hour"; "the rate of change was faster than expected")
2. (39) rate, charge per unit -- (amount of a charge or payment relative to some basis; "a 10-minute
phone call at that rate would cost $5")
3. (1) pace, rate -- (the relative speed of progress or change; "he lived at a fast pace"; "he works
at a great rate"; "the pace of events accelerated")
4. rate -- (a quantity or amount or measure considered as a proportion of another quantity or amount
or measure; "the literacy rate"; "the retention rate"; "the dropout rate")
Overview of verb rate
The verb rate has 3 senses (first 3 from tagged texts)
1. (9) rate, rank, range, order, grade, place -- (assign a rank or rating to; "how would you rank
these students?"; "The restaurant is rated highly in the food guide")
2. (2) rate -- (be worthy of or have a certain rating; "This bond rates highly")
3. (1) rate, value -- (estimate the value of; "How would you rate his chances to become President?";
"Gold was rated highly among the Romans")
--- WordNet end ---