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return kwic search for response out of >500 occurrences
343831 occurrences (No.54 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

324) Furthermore, chelation of Mg(2+) triggers a genetic response that further increases resistance.

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PMID:24303798 DOI:10.3109/1040841X.2013.841639

2015 Critical reviews in microbiology

* The role of extracellular DNA in the establishment, maintenance and perpetuation of bacterial biofilms.

- The significance of extracellular DNA (eDNA) in biofilms was overlooked until researchers added DNAse to a Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm and watched the biofilm disappear. Now, a decade later, the widespread importance of eDNA in biofilm formation is undisputed, but detailed knowledge about how it promotes biofilm formation and conveys antimicrobial resistance is only just starting to emerge. In this review, we discuss how eDNA is produced, how it aids bacterial adhesion, secures the structural stability of biofilms and contributes to antimicrobial resistance. The appearance of eDNA in biofilms is no accident: It is produced by active secretion or controlled cell lysis - sometimes linked to competence development. eDNA adsorbs to and extends from the cell surface, promoting adhesion to abiotic surfaces through acid-base interactions. In the biofilm, is it less clear how eDNA interacts with cells and matrix components. A few eDNA-binding biomolecules have been identified, revealing new concepts in biofilm formation. Being anionic, eDNA chelates cations and restricts diffusion of cationic antimicrobials. Furthermore, chelation of Mg(2+) triggers a genetic response that further increases resistance. The multifaceted role of eDNA makes it an attractive target to sensitize biofilms to conventional antimicrobial treatment or development of new strategies to combat biofilms.

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[frequency of next (right) word to response]

(1)146 to	(14)4 proteins	(27)3 time	(40)2 following
(2)32 null	(15)4 rates	(28)3 times	(41)2 from
(3)31 and	(16)4 that	(29)3 which	(42)2 including
(4)22 of	(17)4 the	(30)2 (ABR)	(43)2 latency
(5)21 rate	(18)3 at	(31)2 (DDR)	(44)2 mediated
(6)14 was	(19)3 during	(32)2 (UPR)	(45)2 or
(7)13 in	(20)3 elements	(33)2 after	(46)2 rate)
(8)8 selection	(21)3 models	(34)2 are	(47)2 rates,
(9)7 surface	(22)3 options	(35)2 boundaries	(48)2 such
(10)6 data	(23)3 properties	(36)2 delays	(49)2 theory
(11)6 is	(24)3 strategies	(37)2 effects	(50)2 validity
(12)4 for	(25)3 style	(38)2 element	(51)2 were
(13)4 patterns	(26)3 suppression	(39)2 evaluation

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--- WordNet output for response --- =>反応, 応答, 返答, 返報, 反響, 答唱句 Overview of noun response The noun response has 7 senses (first 5 from tagged texts) 1. (11) response -- (a result; "this situation developed in response to events in Africa") 2. (11) reaction, response -- (a bodily process occurring due to the effect of some antecedent stimulus or agent; "a bad reaction to the medicine"; "his responses have slowed with age") 3. (6) answer, reply, response -- (a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation; "I waited several days for his answer"; "he wrote replies to several of his critics") 4. (4) reception, response -- (the manner in which something is greeted; "she did not expect the cold reception she received from her superiors") 5. (1) response -- (a phrase recited or sung by the congregation following a versicle by the priest or minister) 6. reply, response -- (the speech act of continuing a conversational exchange; "he growled his reply") 7. response -- (the manner in which an electrical or mechanical device responds to an input signal or a range of input signals) --- WordNet end ---