* Distinct human Langerhans cell subsets orchestrate reciprocal functions and require different developmental regulation.
- Langerhans cells (LCs) play a pivotal role in skin homeostasis, and the heterogeneity of LCs has long been considered. In this study, we have identified two steady-state (LC1 and LC2) and two activated LC subsets in the epidermis of human skin and in LCs derived from CD34+ hemopoietic stem cells (HSC-LCs) by utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing and mass cytometry. Analysis of HSC-LCs at multiple time-points during differentiation revealed that EGR1 and Notch signaling were among the top pathways regulating the bifurcation of LC1 and LC2. LC1 were characterized as classical LCs, mainly related to innate immunity and antigen processing. LC2 were similar to monocytes or myeloid dendritic cells, involving in immune responses and leukocyte activation. LC1 remained stable under inflammatory microenvironment, whereas LC2 were prone to being activated and demonstrated elevated expression of immuno-suppressive molecules. We revealed distinct human LC subsets that require different developmental regulation and orchestrate reciprocal functions.
Overview of verb reveal
The verb reveal has 3 senses (first 2 from tagged texts)
1. (34) uncover, bring out, unveil, reveal -- (make visible; "Summer brings out bright clothes"; "He
brings out the best in her")
2. (17) unwrap, disclose, let on, bring out, reveal, discover, expose, divulge, break, give away,
let out -- (make known to the public information that was previously known only to a few people or
that was meant to be kept a secret; "The auction house would not disclose the price at which the van
Gogh had sold"; "The actress won't reveal how old she is"; "bring out the truth"; "he broke the news
to her"; "unwrap the evidence in the murder case")
3. reveal -- (disclose directly or through prophets; "God rarely reveal his plans for Mankind")
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