ELIZA

return kwic search for showed out of >500 occurrences
663834 occurrences (No.9 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [cache]

243) A module enriched in DNA methylation functions showed a suggestive protective association with folic acid/5-MeTHF concentrations and ASD risk.

--- ABSTRACT ---

PMID:33159718 DOI:10.1002/aur.2428

2021 Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research

* Expression Changes in Epigenetic Gene Pathways Associated With One-Carbon Nutritional Metabolites in Maternal Blood From Pregnancies Resulting in Autism and Non-Typical Neurodevelopment.

- The prenatal period is a critical window for the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The relationship between prenatal nutrients and gestational gene expression in mothers of children later diagnosed with ASD or non-typical development (Non-TD) is poorly understood. Maternal blood collected prospectively during pregnancy provides insights into the effects of nutrition, particularly one-carbon metabolites, on gene pathways and neurodevelopment. Genome-wide transcriptomes were measured with microarrays in 300 maternal blood samples in Markers of Autism Risk in Babies-Learning Early Signs. Sixteen different one-carbon metabolites, including folic acid, betaine, 5'-methyltretrahydrofolate (5-MeTHF), and dimethylglycine (DMG) were measured. Differential expression analysis and weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) were used to compare gene expression between children later diagnosed as typical development (TD), Non-TD and ASD, and to one-carbon metabolites. Using differential gene expression analysis, six transcripts (TGR-AS1, SQSTM1, HLA-C, and RFESD) were associated with child outcomes (ASD, Non-TD, and TD) with genome-wide significance. Genes nominally differentially expressed between ASD and TD significantly overlapped with seven high confidence ASD genes. WGCNA identified co-expressed gene modules significantly correlated with 5-MeTHF, folic acid, DMG, and betaine. A module enriched in DNA methylation functions showed a suggestive protective association with folic acid/5-MeTHF concentrations and ASD risk. Maternal plasma betaine and DMG concentrations were associated with a block of co-expressed genes enriched for adaptive immune, histone modification, and RNA processing functions. These results suggest that the prenatal maternal blood transcriptome is a sensitive indicator of gestational one-carbon metabolite status and changes relevant to children's later neurodevelopmental outcomes. LAY SUMMARY: Pregnancy is a time when maternal nutrition could interact with genetic risk for autism spectrum disorder. Blood samples collected during pregnancy from mothers who had a prior child with autism were examined for gene expression and nutrient metabolites, then compared to the diagnosis of the child at age three. Expression differences in gene pathways related to the immune system and gene regulation were observed for pregnancies of children with autism and non-typical neurodevelopment and were associated with maternal nutrients.

--- ABSTRACT END ---

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[frequency of next (right) word to showed]

(1)197 that	(10)5 higher	(19)3 moderate	(28)2 large
(2)50 a	(11)5 significantly	(20)3 more	(29)2 lower
(3)23 the	(12)4 differential	(21)3 mostly	(30)2 reduced
(4)14 no	(13)4 greater	(22)3 promising	(31)2 remarkable
(5)12 an	(14)4 positive	(23)2 clinically	(32)2 similar
(6)11 significant	(15)3 better	(24)2 efficacy	(33)2 stereoselectivity
(7)6 good	(16)3 extensive	(25)2 hypersensitivity	(34)2 strong
(8)6 high	(17)3 how	(26)2 impairments
(9)5 elevated	(18)3 low	(27)2 increased

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--- WordNet output for showed --- Overview of verb show The verb show has 12 senses (first 11 from tagged texts) 1. (136) show, demo, exhibit, present, demonstrate -- (give an exhibition of to an interested audience; "She shows her dogs frequently"; "We will demo the new software in Washington") 2. (63) prove, demonstrate, establish, show, shew -- (establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment; "The experiment demonstrated the instability of the compound"; "The mathematician showed the validity of the conjecture") 3. (57) testify, bear witness, prove, evidence, show -- (provide evidence for; "The blood test showed that he was the father"; "Her behavior testified to her incompetence") 4. (43) show -- (make visible or noticeable; "She showed her talent for cooking"; "Show me your etchings, please") 5. (32) picture, depict, render, show -- (show in, or as in, a picture; "This scene depicts country life"; "the face of the child is rendered with much tenderness in this painting") 6. (24) express, show, evince -- (give expression to; "She showed her disappointment") 7. (24) indicate, point, designate, show -- (indicate a place, direction, person, or thing; either spatially or figuratively; "I showed the customer the glove section"; "He pointed to the empty parking space"; "he indicated his opponents") 8. (11) show, show up -- (be or become visible or noticeable; "His good upbringing really shows"; "The dirty side will show") 9. (7) read, register, show, record -- (indicate a certain reading; of gauges and instruments; "The thermometer showed thirteen degrees below zero"; "The gauge read `empty'") 10. (6) show -- (give evidence of, as of records; "The diary shows his distress that evening") 11. (2) usher, show -- (take (someone) to their seats, as in theaters or auditoriums; "The usher showed us to our seats") 12. show -- (finish third or better in a horse or dog race; "he bet $2 on number six to show") --- WordNet end ---