ELIZA cgi-bash version rev. 1.90
- Medical English LInking keywords finder for the PubMed Zipped Archive (ELIZA) -

return kwic search for significantly out of >500 occurrences
583352 occurrences (No.14 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found
96) Activation of responder lymphocytes was significantly lower by undifferentiated stem cells than by allogeneic lymphocytes in MLR, but differentiated NTU1 hESCs induced a cell number-dependent lymphocyte proliferation comparable with that by allogeneic lymphocytes.
--- ABSTRACT ---
PMID:24144439 DOI:10.3727/096368913X674639
2015 Cell transplantation
* Characteristic expression of major histocompatibility complex and immune privilege genes in human pluripotent stem cells and their derivatives.
- Pluripotent stem cells, including human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), have been regarded as useful sources for cell-based transplantation therapy. However, immunogenicity of the cells remains the major determinant for successful clinical application. We report the examination of several hESC lines (NTU1 and H9), hiPSC lines, and their derivatives (including stem cell-derived hepatocytes) for the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC), natural killer (NK) cell receptor (NKp30, NKp44, NKp46) ligand, immune-related genes, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotyping, and the effects in functional mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). Flow cytometry showed lower levels (percentages and fluorescence intensities) of MHC class I (MHC-I) molecules, β2-microglobulin, and HLA-E in undifferentiated stem cells. The levels were increased after cotreatment with interferon-γ and/or in vitro differentiation. Antigen-presenting cell markers (CD11c, CD80, and CD86) and MHC-II (HLA-DP, -DQ, and -DR) remained low throughout the treatments. Recognition of stem cells/derivatives by NK lysis receptors were lower or absent. Activation of responder lymphocytes was significantly lower by undifferentiated stem cells than by allogeneic lymphocytes in MLR, but differentiated NTU1 hESCs induced a cell number-dependent lymphocyte proliferation comparable with that by allogeneic lymphocytes. Interestingly, activation of lymphocytes by differentiated hiPSCs or H9 cells became blunted at higher cell numbers. Real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) showed significant differential expression of immune privilege genes (TGF-β2, Arginase 2, Indole 1, GATA3, POMC, VIP, CALCA, CALCB, IL-1RN, CD95L, CR1L, Serpine 1, HMOX1, IL6, LGALS3, HEBP1, THBS1, CD59, and LGALS1) in pluripotent stem cells/derivatives when compared to somatic cells. It was concluded that pluripotent stem cells/derivatives are predicted to be immunogenic, though evidence suggests some level of potential immune privilege. In addition, differential immunogenicity may exist between different pluripotent stem cell lines and their derivatives.
--- ABSTRACT END ---
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[frequency of next (right) word to significantly]
(1)88 higher (13)8 improved (25)3 (P<0.05) (39)2 impaired
(2)43 lower (14)6 correlated (27)3 affect (40)2 increases
(3)39 increased (15)6 elevated (28)3 better (41)2 induced
(4)35 reduced (16)6 fewer (29)3 increase (42)2 larger
(5)32 associated (17)6 less (30)3 worse (43)2 predicted
(6)17 decreased (18)5 enhanced (31)2 (P (44)2 reduce
(7)13 in (19)5 inhibited (32)2 (p (45)2 shorter
(8)13 more (20)4 affected (34)2 altered (46)2 smaller
(9)10 greater (21)4 attenuated (35)2 by (47)2 suppressed
(10)10 related (22)4 between (36)2 compared (48)2 to
(11)9 *null* (23)4 from (37)2 decreased,
(12)9 different (24)4 the (38)2 differed

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--- WordNet output for significantly --- =>きわめて, 意味深く, 意味ありげに Overview of adv significantly The adv significantly has 3 senses (first 2 from tagged texts) 1. (6) significantly -- (in a statistically significant way; "the two groups differed significantly") 2. (3) significantly -- (in a significant manner; "our budget will be significantly affected by these new cuts") 3. importantly, significantly -- (in an important way or to an important degree; "more importantly, Weber held that the manifold meaning attached to the event by the social scientist could alter his definition of the concrete event itself") --- WordNet end ---