* Cellular and molecular pathophysiology in the progression of Parkinson's disease.
- Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder etiologically linked to the loss of substantia nigra (SN) dopaminergic neurons in the mid-brain. The etiopathology of sporadic PD is still unclear; however, the interaction of extrinsic and intrinsic factors may play a critical role in the onset and progression of the disease. Studies in animal models and human post-mortem tissue have identified distinct cellular and molecular changes in the diseased brain, suggesting complex interactions between different glial cell types and various molecular pathways. Small changes in the expression of specific genes in a single pathway or cell type possibly influence others at the cellular and system levels. These molecular and cellular signatures like neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and autophagy have been observed in PD patients' brain tissue. While the etiopathology of PD is still poorly understood, the interplay between glial cells and molecular events may play a crucial role in disease onset and progression.
=>特有の, 特効薬, 明確な, 特定の, 種の, はっきりした
Overview of noun specific
The noun specific has 2 senses (no senses from tagged texts)
1. particular, specific -- (a fact about some part (as opposed to general); "he always reasons from
the particular to the general")
2. specific -- (a medicine that has a mitigating effect on a specific disease; "quinine is a
specific for malaria")
Overview of adj specific
The adj specific has 4 senses (first 2 from tagged texts)
1. (39) specific -- ((sometimes followed by `to') applying to or characterized by or distinguishing
something particular or special or unique; "rules with specific application"; "demands specific to
the job"; "a specific and detailed account of the accident")
2. (5) specific -- (stated explicitly or in detail; "needed a specific amount")
3. specific -- (relating to or distinguishing or constituting a taxonomic species; "specific
characters")
4. specific -- (being or affecting a disease produced by a particular microorganism or condition;
used also of stains or dyes used in making microscope slides; "quinine is highly specific for
malaria"; "a specific remedy"; "a specific stain is one having a specific affinity for particular
structural elements")
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