ELIZA

return kwic search for specific out of >500 occurrences
279736 occurrences (No.90 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

89) The effect of letrozole and tamoxifen on the specific growth rate (SGR; % day(-1)), gonado-somatic index (GSI), total haemoglobin (g%), gonadal and serum protein as well as lipid, sex differentiation and 17β-oestradiol levels were studied in sexually undifferentiated Cyprinus carpio fingerlings 30 days post fertilisation (30 dpf) for 60 days.

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PMID:24411670 DOI:10.1071/RD13234

2015 Reproduction, fertility, and development

* Effect of dietary administration of letrozole and tamoxifen on gonadal development, sex differentiation and biochemical changes in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.).

- The effect of letrozole and tamoxifen on the specific growth rate (SGR; % day(-1)), gonado-somatic index (GSI), total haemoglobin (g%), gonadal and serum protein as well as lipid, sex differentiation and 17β-oestradiol levels were studied in sexually undifferentiated Cyprinus carpio fingerlings 30 days post fertilisation (30 dpf) for 60 days. Results showed decreased GSI with tamoxifen treatment whereas letrozole increased it. There were reduced protein, lipid, triglyceride and cholesterol levels after treatment with tamoxifen and letrozole during gonadal development. Tamoxifen (200mgkg(-1) feed) induced 82.5% masculinisation, whereas letrozole in the same dose produced 98.5% males. Gonadal 17β-oestradiol significantly declined from 86.0±1.41pg per 100mg (control) to 45.5±1.94pg per 100mg with tamoxifen and 36.0±0.72pg per 100mg with letrozole treatment. Similarly, serum 17β-oestradiol levels also decreased after tamoxifen and letrozole treatments. Testicular development in 37.8% of fish treated with tamoxifen and letrozole was found to be more advanced (spermatocytes) than in the control (spermatogonium); however, there was reduced ovarian growth and increased atresia. It was concluded that letrozole and tamoxifen both significantly affect sex differentiation and gonadal maturity in C. carpio leading to the production of sex-reversed males, yet the effect of letrozole was more potent.

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(1)15 to	(19)4 types	(37)2 attention	(55)2 lineages
(2)9 sequence	(20)3 characteristics	(38)2 barriers	(56)2 measures
(3)7 and	(21)3 features	(39)2 computational	(57)2 miRNAs
(4)7 cell	(22)3 job	(40)2 constitutive	(58)2 molecular
(5)7 variations	(23)3 target	(41)2 criteria	(59)2 neuronal
(6)6 cognitive	(24)3 tendon	(42)2 deficits	(60)2 or
(7)6 genes	(25)3 therapy	(43)2 differences	(61)2 parameters
(8)6 surface	(26)3 type	(44)2 divergence	(62)2 phytotoxicity
(9)5 antibodies	(27)3 variation	(45)2 effect	(63)2 polymerase
(10)5 for	(28)2 null	(46)2 elements	(64)2 primers
(11)5 phobias	(29)2 ECM	(47)2 ethnocultural	(65)2 protein
(12)4 brain	(30)2 IgG	(48)2 extracellular	(66)2 proteins
(13)4 effects	(31)2 PCR	(49)2 fault	(67)2 recommendations
(14)4 growth	(32)2 age-dependent	(50)2 function	(68)2 requirements
(15)4 incidence	(33)2 analysis	(51)2 genetic	(69)2 self-efficacy
(16)4 manner	(34)2 antigen	(52)2 genomic	(70)2 targeted
(17)4 motor	(35)2 antigens	(53)2 information	(71)2 tests
(18)4 needs	(36)2 approach	(54)2 inhibitors

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--- WordNet output for specific --- =>特有の, 特効薬, 明確な, 特定の, 種の, はっきりした Overview of noun specific The noun specific has 2 senses (no senses from tagged texts) 1. particular, specific -- (a fact about some part (as opposed to general); "he always reasons from the particular to the general") 2. specific -- (a medicine that has a mitigating effect on a specific disease; "quinine is a specific for malaria") Overview of adj specific The adj specific has 4 senses (first 2 from tagged texts) 1. (39) specific -- ((sometimes followed by `to') applying to or characterized by or distinguishing something particular or special or unique; "rules with specific application"; "demands specific to the job"; "a specific and detailed account of the accident") 2. (5) specific -- (stated explicitly or in detail; "needed a specific amount") 3. specific -- (relating to or distinguishing or constituting a taxonomic species; "specific characters") 4. specific -- (being or affecting a disease produced by a particular microorganism or condition; used also of stains or dyes used in making microscope slides; "quinine is highly specific for malaria"; "a specific remedy"; "a specific stain is one having a specific affinity for particular structural elements") --- WordNet end ---